24 Interactions in primary visual cortex (V1) between simple visual elements such as short bar 25 segments are believed to underlie our ability to easily integrate contours and segment 26 surfaces. We used intrinsic signal optical imaging in alert fixating macaques to measure the 27 strength and cortical distribution of V1 interactions amongst collinear bars. A single short 28 bar stimulus prod...

PURPOSE To quantify the visual functional changes caused by pinhole glasses. METHODS Healthy subjects underwent ophthalmic examinations including uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected near visual acuity (CNVA), pupil size, depth of focus (DOF), accommodative amplitude, visual field (VF) test, contrast sensitivity (CS), and stereopsis. Subjects underwent the same examinations...

This chapter presents a software simulator called LOSIMOPU. LOSIMOPU allows users to build a supply chain model and analyze the sensitivity of logistics on assigned policy and capacity under uncertainty. LOSIMOPU consists of five kinds of participants (endcustomer, intermediate supplier, end-supplier, transportation server, and electronic payment server) and an e-marketplace for the supply chai...

Spatial neglect can be characterized by a "magnetic attraction" towards the right side of a visual stimulus array and a selection of stimuli from that hemispace. This study examined whether these distinctive characteristics in visuo-motor space are also evident in representational number space. Given that numbers are thought to be represented along a left-to-right oriented mental number line, a...

BACKGROUND The importance of optimal and/or superior vision for participation in high-level sports remains the subject of considerable clinical research interest. Here, we examine the vision and visual history of elite/near-elite cricketers and rugby-league players. METHODS Stereoacuity (TNO), colour vision, and distance (with/without pinhole) and near visual acuity (VA) were measured in two ...

This paper investigates the drivers of the environmental innovations (EI) introduced by firms in local production systems (LPS). The role of firm network relationships, agglomeration economies and internationalization strategies is analysed for a sample of 555 firms in the Emilia-Romagna region, North-East of Italy. Cooperating with ‘qualified’ local actors – i.e. universities and suppliers – i...

Previous studies suggested that micropore surface area (MiS) of bio-macromolecules of biomass constitutes an important factor that explains their preservation in soil, that is, the preservation against biological degradation. On the other hand it has been reported that biochemical catalysis are limited in theirs action by the very complex macroscopic and microscopic structure of cell walls that...

Computer games are increasingly being used for training cognitive functions like working memory and attention among the growing population of older adults. While cognitive training games often include elements like difficulty adaptation, rewards, and visual themes to make the games more enjoyable and effective, the effect of different degrees of afforded user control in manipulating these eleme...