Malaria starts with infection of the host liver by Plasmodium sporozoites. Inoculation with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium sporozoites induces complete protection against malaria. Protection is mediated by dendritic cells (DCs) and CD8(+) T cells, but the source of parasite antigens mediating this response remains unclear. Here, we show that hepatocytes infected with irradiated Plasmodium spor...

s: Aims: To study the incidence and outcome of complications in Plasmodium vivax. Material and methods: An analysis of smear positive Plasmodium vivax patients admitted to Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad from July2007 to September 2007 was done. Results: There were 118 cases of malaria: Plasmodium vivax only in 23 cases (19.4%), 1 was mixed infection and 94 were Plasmodium falciparum only. Out of the...

Malaria-transmitting mosquitoes are continuously exposed to microbes, including their midgut microbiota. This naturally acquired microbial flora can modulate the mosquito's vectorial capacity by inhibiting the development of Plasmodium and other human pathogens through an unknown mechanism. We have undertaken a comprehensive functional genomic approach to elucidate the molecular interplay betwe...

The literature concerning various serological reactions in malaria in man has been well reviewed (1). According tothis review, attempts to obtain a specific complement fixation reaction with sera from human beings infected by Plasmodium vivax or by Plasmodium falciparum have led in the past to inconclusive results because no sensitive, specific, and easily standardized antigen was available. Du...

Background Malaria and helminths share the same geographical distribution in tropical Africa. Studies of the interaction of helminth and malaria co-infection in humans have been few and are mainly epidemiological, with little information on cellular immune responses. This study aimed to determine Cytokine profiles among patients co-infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and soil borne helm...

Malaria parasite ookinetes must traverse the vector mosquito midgut epithelium to transform into sporozoite-producing oocysts. The Anopheles innate immune system is a key regulator of this process, thereby determining vector competence and disease transmission. The role of Anopheles innate immunity factors as agonists or antagonists of malaria parasite infection has been previously determined u...

In Japan, malaria has been successfully eradicated but imported malaria is still a great problem. Blood samples of malaria patients were collected from different hospitals of Japan. The samples were diagnosed by PCR based Microtiter plate-hybridization technique (MPH). The results of MPH were compared with microscopic diagnosis done at the laboratories of different hospitals. Among the total 23...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of thrombocytopenia in malarial parasite (MP) positive patients. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Medical Unit-III, Ward-7, JPMC, Karachi, from June to October 2006. METHODOLOGY One hundred twenty four MP positive cases were included in the study. Infections with both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax species w...

Serial blood passage of Plasmodium universally increases parasite virulence, which can be reversed by mosquito transmission. How mosquitoes reset Plasmodium virulence has been unknown. We have shown that mosquito transmission modifies expression of Plasmodium subtelomeric multigene families, including those that code for variant surface antigens (VSA), and transforms the systemic immune respons...