The roots of the South American vine Herreria montevidensis Klotzsch ex Griseb. (Herreriaceae) are used in traditional medicine by several Amerindian groups of the Paraguayan Chaco. Little is known on the chemistry of the plant, despite its widespread use across the South American Chaco. From the ethyl acetate/methanol 1:1 extract of the roots, four new and one known homoisoflavanoid, two flava...

Tropical forests are renowned for their biological diversity, but also harbor variable combinations of soil age, chemistry and susceptibility to erosion or tectonic uplift. Here we contend that the combined effects of this biotic and abiotic diversity promote exceptional biogeochemical heterogeneity at multiple scales. At local levels, high plant diversity creates variation in chemical and stru...

This study presents high temperature water-only continuous flowthrough pretreatment coupled with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as a promising analytical tool to examine the plant cell wall, to understand its recalcitrance (i.e., cell wall resistance to deconstruction), and to probe the chemistry occurring during batch pretreatment of biomass. (13)C-enriched corn stover stems were pretreated ...

Selective pressures from host plant chemistry and natural enemies may contribute independently to driving insect herbivores towards narrow diet breadths. We used the specialist caterpillar, Junonia coenia (Nymphalidae), which sequesters defensive compounds, iridoid glycosides, from its host plants to assess the effects of plant chemistry and sequestration on the larval immune response. A series...

Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Microorganismes, UMR CNRS-INRA 442–2594, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France (C.A.-T.); Departments of Plant Pathology and Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 (C.A.-T., B.-B.W., N.D.Y.); Advanced Center for Genome Technology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73109 (M.S.O., B.A.R.);...

Microbiology and atmospheric processes: an upcoming era of research on bio-meteorology C. E. Morris, D. C. Sands, M. Bardin, R. Jaenicke, B. Vogel, C. Leyronas, P. A. Ariya, and R. Psenner INRA, Unité de Pathologie Végétale UR407, 84140 Montfavet, France Dept. Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, 119 Plant Biosciences Bldg., Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3150, USA Institut für Phys...

Propolis, a honeybee product, has gained popularity as a food and alternative medicine. Its constituents have been shown to exert pharmacological effects, such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. Shoot apices of Baccharis dracunculifolia (alecrim plant, Asteraceae) have been pointed out as sources of resin for green propolis. The present work aimed (i) to observe the collecting...