We design a vehicle with a steering system made of two independently rotatable wheels on the front. We quantify the effectiveness of the steering system in the mobility and maneuverability of the vehicle running in a box containing a layer ping-pong balls with a packing density 0.8, below the random close packing value 0.84 in 2D. The steering system can reduce the resistance exerted by the jam...

In a previous work we demonstrated that, in dialyzed squid axons, an impairment of the Ca2+(i)-regulatory site affected the apparent affinities for external Na+ and Ca2+ in a way opposite to that predicted by the exiting (ping-pong) models for the exchangers. In the present work, we used model simulations and actual experiments where the Ca2+(i)-regulatory remained always saturated while [Ca2+]...

Volvo IT Belgium has provided real-life datasets for the need of the Third International Business Process Intelligence Challenge, in the form of event logs generated by the VINST system used across the Volvo corporation to support incident and problem handling. Volvo has also pointed 4 aspects of their business operations they would like to be scrutinized. 1) Are the incidents contained within ...

Multicopper oxidases (MCOs) catalyzed two half reactions (linked by an intramolecular electron transfer) through a Ping-Pong mechanism: the substrate oxidation followed by the O2 reduction. MCOs have been characterized in details in solution or immobilized on electrode surfaces. The nature of the rate-limiting steps, which is controversial in the literature, is discussed in this mini review for...

Copper amine oxidases are important enzymes, which contribute to the regulation of mono- and polyamine levels. Each monomer contains one Cu(II) ion and 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine (TPQ) as cofactors. They catalyze the oxidative deamination of primary amines to aldehydes with a ping-pong mechanism consisting of a transamination. The mechanism is followed by the transfer of two electrons to mol...

Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase from Escherichia coli does not exhibit a steady state kinetic pattern indicative of “ping-pong” kinetics, despite the fact that catalytic participation of a phosphorylated enzyme covalent intermediate has been established. Instead, kineti.c patterns are consistent with the sequential addition of all substrates, to form a quaternary complex, before the release of a...

1. 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate phosphatase was partly purified by CM-cellulose column chromatography. 2. The enzyme activity was stable in the 50•Ž case of preincubation up to 30 min. By the addition of 4 mM 2-phosphoglycolate to the preincubation mixture activity remained perfect up to 30 min in the 55•Ž case of preincubation. 3. This enzyme was inhibited by low concentrations of p-chloromercuribe...

Nucleoside diphosphokinase from Salmonella typhimurium has been purified and characterized. In many respects, the enzyme is similar to those from higher organisms in that it has a broad speciCcity for both phosphate donor and recipient and that it functions via a ping-pong mechanism. The enzyme activity of cells is very high at all growth rates but decreases as growth rate increases. Evidence i...

Fusel oil is a by-product of distilleries, its main component is i-amyl alcohol, which can form ester compounds. Esterification of oleic acid and i-amyl alcohol by Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym 435 preparation) in n-heptane solvent was studied in this work. Ping-pong bi-bi mechanism (inhibition phenomena taken into account) was applied as a complex kinetic model. The parameters of the mo...

DT diaphorase was purified to homogeneity from rat liver and characterized. The molecular weight of the enzyme was calculated to be 5.0 h 0.06 x lo4 from sedimentation equilibrium experiments and to be 4.8 x IO4 by thin layer gel filtration method using Sephadex G-200. The identity of FAD as a prosthetic group was confirmed by o-amino acid oxidase test. It was found that 1 mole of FAD was prese...