We describe formulation and evaluation of novel dissolving polymeric microneedle (MN) arrays for the facilitated delivery of low molecular weight, high dose drugs. Ibuprofen sodium was used as the model here and was successfully formulated at approximately 50% w/w in the dry state using the copolymer poly(methylvinylether/maleic acid). These MNs were robust and effectively penetrated skin in vi...

The avidin protein family members are well known for their high affinity towards D-biotin and high structural stability. These properties make avidins valuable tools for a wide range of biotechnology applications. We have identified a new member of the avidin family in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) genome, hereafter called zebavidin. The protein is highly expressed in the gonads of both male and ...

The introduction of atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques has revolutionised our ability to characterise colloidal objects. AFM allows the visualisation of samples with sub-nanometre resolution in three dimensions in atmospheric or submerged conditions. Nanomedical research is increasingly focused on the design, characterisation and delivery of nano-sized drug carriers such as nanoparticles,...

Wang Ch., Xu F., Li D., Zhang M. (2015): Physico-chemical and structural properties of four rice bran protein fractions based on the multiple solvent extraction method. Czech J. Food Sci., 33: 283–291. The physicochemical and structural properties of the concentrated rice bran protein (CRBP) and rice bran protein fractions – RBPF (albumin, globulin, prolamin, and glutelin) were investigated on ...

Surfactants are the major active ingredients of laundry detergents. Therefore, special attention should be focused on the treatment and disposal of laundry wastewater. The aim of this study was to characterise the wastewater from a commercial laundry over 30 days. Physicochemical analyses were performed, monitoring the content of nitrogen, phosphate, heavy metals, linear alkylbenzene sulphonate...

Information related to the potential environmental exposure of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in the solid waste management phase is extremely scarce. In this paper, we define nanowaste as separately collected or collectable waste materials which are or contain ENMs, and we present a five-step framework for the systematic assessment of ENM exposure during nanowaste management. The framework in...

MyD88 and TRAF6 play an essential role in the innate immune response in most animals. This study reports the full-length MaMyD88 and MaTRAF6 genes identified from the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) transcriptome profile. MaMyD88 is 2501 base pairs (bp) long, encoding a putative protein of 284 amino acids (aa), including the N-terminal DEATH domain of 78 aa and the C-terminal TIR d...

This paper gives a new proof for the approximation theorem and the characterisation of normalisability using intersection types for a system with ω and a ≤-relation that is contravariant over arrow types. The technique applied is to define reduction on derivations and to show a strong normalisation result for this reduction. From this result, the characterisation of strong normalisation and the...

In this paper we give the first characterisation of graphs with linear clique-width at most 3, and we give a polynomial-time recognition algorithm for such graphs. In addition, we give a new characterisation of graphs with linear clique-width at most 2 and a new layout characterisation of linear clique-width in general. Among our results is also a decomposition scheme that preserves the linear ...