The ice, cloud, and land elevation satellite-2 (ICESat-2) is providing global measurements to the science community. ICESat-2 measures height of Earth’s surface using a photon counting laser altimeter, ATLAS (advanced topographic altimetry system). As system, number reflected photons per shot, or radiometry, function primarily transmitted energy, solar elevation, reflectance, atmospheric scatte...

Accurate attenuation correction is a prerequisite for the determination of precise regional radioactivity concentrations in positron tomography. Attenuation correction can be performed using an external source of radiation and two measurements: a blank scan performed with no subject in the tomograph, and a transmission scan performed with the subject in the field of view. The ratio of blank to ...

Background: Photon attenuation as an inevitable physical phenomenon influences on the diagnostic information of SPECT images and results to errors in accuracy of quantitative measurements. This can be corrected via different physical or mathematical approaches. As the correction equation in mathematical approaches is nonlinear, in this study a new method of linearization called ‘Piece Wise Line...

PURPOSE The most common material for shielding is concrete, which can be made using various materials of different densities as aggregates. New techniques in radiotherapy, as IMRT and VMAT, require more monitor units and it is important to develop specifically designed shielding materials. METHODS Arraela S.L. has developed new concrete (CONTEK®-RFH2), which is made from an arid with a high p...

Myocardial perfusion SPECT has been established as a noninvasive method for evaluation of coronary artery disease. For semiquantitative analysis, myocardial activity is conventionally measured relative to the region of most intense uptake. On the other hand, the absolute measurement of megabecquerels of tracer per gram of tissue has been an elusive goal. For this purpose, several factors—includ...

Soft tissue attenuation artefacts are more likely to occur in patients with high body mass index (BMI) undergoing myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and therefore it is routine practice in our department to perform attenuation correction in this group of patients. However, we suspected that attenuation artefacts may also occur in patients with normal BMI. We collected data prospectively on 5...

Photon attenuation in tissues is the primary physical degrading factor limiting both visual qualitative interpretation and quantitative analysis capabilities of reconstructed Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images. This study investigates the implementation and applicability of transmission atlas-guided attenuation correction in cerebral 3D PET imaging, thus eliminating the need for acquisit...

Samples of concrete contain various waste materials, such as iron particulates, steel balls of used ball bearings and slags from steel industry were assessed for their anti-radiation attenuation coefficient properties. The attenuation measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer of NaI (Tl) detector. The utilized radiation sources comprised 137Cs and ⁶⁰Co radioactive elements with photo...

BACKGROUND By reducing the specificity associated with loss of information, the influence of attenuation of the breasts is very important in myocardial perfusion studies. However, although several studies have been conducted over the past years, little has been developed to determine accurately the influence of the characteristics of the breasts on the quality of myocardial scintigraphy, avoidi...