A group of 59 workers (41 men and 18 women) employed in swine confinement areas was studied to assess the presence of acute and chronic respiratory symptoms and the prevalence of abnormalities in ventilatory function. A control group of 46 (31 men and 15 women) unexposed workers was studied for the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms. For both male and female swine confinement workers co...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the respiratory health of dock workers who load grain cargoes. METHODS The respiratory health of 118 dock workers who load grain cargoes in the ports of Vancouver and Prince Rupert was compared with that of 555 grain elevator workers from the same regions. 128 civic workers were used as an unexposed control group. RESULTS The prevalences of chronic cough and phlegm...

Bile is at the center of the traditional medicines of many cultures. For the ancient Greeks and Romans, each of the four macrocosmic elements that comprised the natural world, fire, earth, air, and water, had a specific microcosmic reflection in the four humors from which the body was constructed, yellow bile, black bile, blood, and phlegm. The view that imbalances in these components cause dis...

BACKGROUND Symptom-based questionnaires can be a cost effective tool enabling identification and diagnosis of patients with respiratory illnesses in resource limited setting. This study aimed to determine the correlation of respiratory symptoms and spirometric lung patterns and validity of ATS respiratory questionnaire in a rural community setting. METHODS This cross sectional survey was cond...

"All diseases resulting from qi disorder" comes out of Suwen. Jutonglunpian. This theory expounds the important influence abnormal lifting and entering machinery on disease. Breast cancer because movement disorders in Zang-fu meridian blood body fluid disorders, phlegm poison stasis do not become cancerous. Based "all disorder", this paper discusses etiology, pathogenesis treatment breast cance...

Editorial Causes and control of chronic respiratory disease: looking beyond the smokescreen Cigarette smoking is as strongly related to death from chronic bronchitis and emphysema as it is to mortality from lung cancer.' Symptoms of cough, phlegm, wheeze, and breathlessness are also much more common among individuals and populations who smoke, and are reduced when they quit the habit.2 A random...