Outbreaks of the black army cutworm, Actebia fennica, are associated with recently burned sites, where larvae feed on early successional plants. In the present paper we show that smoke volatiles stimulate juvenile hormone biosynthesis in virgin females, resulting in a more rapid rate of oocyte maturation and a significant advance in the age of first calling (the release of the sex pheromone) co...

Over the past several years my colleagues and I have been exploring ways of achieving moth mating disruption exceeding 95% efficacy even under high densities with limited insecticide inputs. The foundation for this work has been a series of studies examining the mechanisms underlying pheromone-based mating disruption in moth pests of pome fruit, stone fruit, walnuts, and citrus. Collectively, t...

the leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina (l.) (lepidoptera: cossidae) is a serious pest of walnut and apple trees in iran. one of the control methods for this pest is the mass trapping of males using pheromone traps. to determine the best size and color of traps, four different colors (green, yellow, white, gray) and two different sizes (delta shape with standard adhesive surface, 19 × 22 cm and trapez...

Effects of arginine vasotocin (AVT) on reproductive events such as courtship behavior, pheromone release, and spermatophore discharge were investigated in the male newt Cynops pyrrhogaster. AVT enhanced the incidence and frequency of androgen-induced courtship behavior. In this case, AVT was likely to act centrally because the behavior was evoked with a much smaller amount of AVT when the hormo...

Social insects exhibit complex and adaptive behavior. In particular, it is well known that ants solve difficult problems, for instance selecting the shortest pathway, by communicating with each other via pheromone. The fundamental question regarding pheromone communication is: How have the pheromone communication systems emerged? This paper introduces the ant foraging model for evolution of phe...

Novel strategies for the management of soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), are needed due to its increasing importance, costs, and challenges in soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr.; Fabaceae) Americas. Pheromone-mediated mating disruption may be 1 such novel strategy, but an effective tool estimating success must found. The technique trapping male moths using ...