background: koobideh kebab (barbequed minced meat) is one of the most popular iranian foods. reduction in the water holding capacity (whc) of meat during thermal processing makes the water and melted fat run out of the meat. the fat content of the final product depends on the proportion of the retained moisture and fat. meanwhile, high temperature and the presence of oxygen and iron in meat may...

BACKGROUND Evidence that diet is associated with breast cancer risk is inconsistent. Most studies have examined risks associated with specific foods and nutrients, rather than measures of overall diet. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate dietary patterns and their relation to breast cancer risk in a large cohort of women. DESIGN Data from 91,779 women in the California Teachers Study coh...

The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of reducing energy content in emulsion type sausages by replacing fat with inulin. In the manufactured product, the fat content was reduced to 6%-18% and replaced by inulin and water. The quality of the resulting product was determined by chemical and texture profile analyses (TPA), color measurement and sensory evaluation. The results show...

background: the incidence of ulcerative colitis (uc) is rising in populations with western-style diet, rich in fat and protein, and low in fruits and vegetables. in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the association between dietary protein intakes and the risk of developing incident uc.   methods : sixty two cases of uc and 124 controls were studied using country-specific food frequency qu...

BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) interventions for the promotion of weight-management may benefit from increased choice and flexibility to overcome commonly-perceived barriers to PA. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a novel "points-based" approach to PA on body composition in inactive women, who are overweight or obese. METHODS Seventy-six overweight or obese, inactive...

This study investigated whether the prenatal maternal environment in dairy cattle influences the postnatal milking performance of the resulting daughters and grand-daughters. Linear mixed models were used to analyse whole season milk production from ∼ 46,000 Jersey and ∼ 123,000 Holstein Friesian cows in their 1st and 2nd lactations. Variation in the prenatal environment was associated with a s...

Data of chickens from a broiler-breeding program were collected and used to determine the genetic trends of absolute and relative abdominal fat content. The genetic trends were estimated by the regression of trait genetic value averages on hatch-years. Genetic values from 32,485 individuals were used for regression analysis. The genetic trend estimate for absolute abdominal fat content was +0.3...