Cytochrome P450s play an important role in the biotransformation of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics; however, little is known about the function of the CYP4T subfamily in the transformation of environmental pollutants in fish. We isolated a full-length cDNA sequence (designated as CYP4T11) from rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) liver by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The open reading fra...

OBJECTIVE 40,000 residents in Arnsberg, Germany, had been exposed to drinking water contaminated with perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Internal exposure of the residents of Arnsberg to six PFCs was assessed in comparison with reference areas. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS One hundred seventy children (5-6 years of age), 317 mothers (23-49 years), and 204 men (18-69 years) took part in the cross-sec...

Untargeted metabolic profiling of body fluids in experimental animals and humans exposed to chemicals may reveal early signs of toxicity and indicate toxicity pathways. Avian embryos develop separately from their mothers, which gives unique possibilities to study effects of chemicals during embryo development with minimal confounding factors from the mother. In this study we explored blood plas...

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) have been detected globally in wildlife and humans. Data from a gene array indicate that PFOA decreases organic anion transporting polypeptides (Oatps) in liver. Na(+)-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (Ntcp) and Oatp1a1, 1a4, and 1b2 are major transporters responsible for uptake of bile acids (BAs) and other organic compound...

BACKGROUND Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, also known as C8) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are stable compounds with many industrial and consumer uses. Their persistence in the environment plus toxicity in animal models has raised concern over low-level chronic exposure effects on human health. OBJECTIVES We estimated associations between serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations and thyroid di...

BACKGROUND Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) are fluorinated organic compounds present in the general population at low concentrations. Animal studies have shown that they may affect neuromuscular development at high concentrations. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between plasma levels of PFOS and PFOA in pregnant women and motor and mental developmental...

BACKGROUND Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs), persistent chemicals with unique water-, dirt-, and oil-repellent properties, are suspected of having endocrine-disrupting activity. The PFAA compounds perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) are found globally in humans; because they readily cross the placental barrier, in utero exposure may be a cause for concern. ...

STUDY QUESTION Does perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanate (PFOA) exposure disrupt the menstrual cyclicity? SUMMARY ANSWER The female reproductive system may be sensitive to PFOA exposure, with longer menstrual cycle length at higher exposure. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY PFOS and PFOA are persistent man-made chemicals. Experimental animal studies suggest they are reproductive toxi...

BACKGROUND It has been proposed that PPARalpha agonists stimulate Kupffer cells in rodents which in turn, release mitogenic factors leading to hepatic hyperplasia, and eventually cancer. However, Kupffer cells do not express PPARalpha receptors, and PPARalpha agonists stimulate hepatocellular proliferation in both TNFalpha- and TNFalpha receptor-null mice, casting doubt on the involvement of Ku...

The determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in environmental samples, such as drinking waters, requires the design high performing versatile sensing strategies. Label-free biosensing platforms based on specialty fiber optics are a valid option to face this challenge. Among them, lossy mode resonance (LMR) optic biosensors showing remarkable performance terms detection limit,...