There is a growing body of evidence supporting the efficacy of various complementary and alternative medicine approaches in the management of headache disorders. These treatment modalities include nutraceutical, physical and behavioral therapies. Nutraceutical options comprise vitamins and supplements (magnesium, riboflavin, coenzyme Q10, and alpha lipoic acid) and herbal preparations (feverfew...

OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this guideline is to assist the practitioner in choosing an appropriate prophylactic medication for an individual with migraine, based on current evidence in the medical literature and expert consensus. This guideline is focused on patients with episodic migraine (headache on ≤ 14 days a month). METHODS Through a comprehensive search strategy, randomized, d...

There is a growing body of evidence supporting the efficacy of various complementary and alternative medicine approaches in the management of headache disorders. These treatment modalities include nutraceutical, physical and behavioral therapies. Nutraceutical options comprise vitamins and supplements (magnesium, riboflavin, coenzyme Q(10), and alpha lipoic acid) and herbal preparations (feverf...

The article by Hainer and Matheson in this issue of American Family Physician provides a thorough review of the presentation of adult headache, including recognition of cluster headache and workup of the emergent headache.1 The challenge for physicians is to be aware of the red flag symptoms that identify dangerous headaches, and be able to diagnose and treat a headache that has no focal neurol...

Purpose of Review: The efficacy of some nonpharmacologic therapies appears to approach that of most drugs used for the prevention of migraine and tension-type headaches. These therapies often carry a very low risk of serious side effects and frequently are much less expensive than pharmacologic therapies. Considering this combination of efficacy, minimal side effects, and cost savings, medicati...

Body size is relevant to multiple dimensions of life. The an organism influences its ecological interactions and impact on ecosystem processes, most life-history traits correlate with body (Peters, 1983; Woodward et al., 2005). In plants, large individuals compete better for available resources, are less stress tolerant have higher resilience disturbance (Falster & Westoby, 2003; Kunstler 2016;...

Objectives This study aims to evaluate the oral bioavailability and dissolution of tanshinone IIA (tanIIA) by preparation of solid dispersions (SDs) with porous silica. Methods SDs of tanIIA were prepared using a solvent method. The physicochemical properties, dissolution property, drug stability and in-vivo performance of the SDs prepared were all evaluated. Key findings Compared with tanIIA a...