The inappropriate or unlawful use of pesticides on agricultural crops can result in unacceptably high levels of these compounds, and their metabolites, in produce destined for human consumption. To protect the health of consumers, many countries stipulate Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) for each pesticide compound in a range of fruit and vegetables. Worldwide, there are over 800 compounds current...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine the residual concentrations of ethion and imidacloprid in cucumbers grown in greenhouse. The effect of some simple processing procedures on both ethion and imidacloprid residues were also studied. METHODS Ten active greenhouses that produce cucumber were randomly selected. Ethion and imidacloprid as the most widely used pesticides were m...

Background: Paraquat dichloride is a highly toxic herbicide which is still used in many developing countries. African cat fish (Clarias gariepinus) is a commercially important species in many countries and was selected assess accumulation and elimination of paraquat dichloride in its tissues. Methods: Groups of ten fish with equal lengths and weights were exposed to varying concentrations of...

BACKGROUND Many studies revealed toxic effects of pesticides on pesticide handlers but very fewer studies have been reported among grape garden pesticide sprayers in India. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pesticides among grape garden sprayers. METHODS 27 pesticide sprayers in study group and 27 non sprayers in control group were recruited. Blood samples were analyzed ...

There are few data on pesticide exposures of migrant Latino farmworker children, and access to this vulnerable population is often difficult. In this paper we describe a community-based approach to implement culturally appropriate research methods with a migrant Latino farmworker community in Oregon. Assessments were conducted in 96 farmworker homes and 24 grower homes in two agricultural commu...

The present study was conducted in order to quantify to what extent cannabis consumers may be exposed to pesticide and other chemical residues through inhaled mainstream cannabis smoke. Three different smoking devices were evaluated in order to provide a generalized data set representative of pesticide exposures possible for medical cannabis users. Three different pesticides, bifenthrin, diazin...

A surface sampling method for analysis of pesticide residues in pome fruit was studied by layer-by-layer scan from pericarp to kernel. Phoxim residues of apples, pears and papayas was determined by GC-MS, respectively, in core, different layers of pulp, peel ,as well as the whole fruit. Phoxim residue content was decreased when depth of the layer increased. It was inferred from experimental dat...

Imidacloprid is the most widely used insecticide in agriculture. In this study, we used feeding methods to simulate in-hive exposures of formulated imidacloprid (Advise® 2FL) alone and mixtures with six representative pesticides for different classes. Advise, fed at 4.3 mg/L (equal to maximal residue detection of 912 ppb active ingredient [a.i.] in pollen) induced 36% mortality and 56% feeding ...

We tested for residual pesticide levels in dried vegetables in Seoul, Korea. A total of 100 samples of 13 different types of agricultural products were analyzed by a gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphate detector (GC-NPD), an electron capture detector (GC-μECD), a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MSD), and a high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). We used multi-anal...

According to the state institute for chemical and veterinary analysis of food, “Conventionally grown wine grapes are one of the crops most extensively treated with pesticides” (CVUA Stuttgart). The use of different fungicides and insecticides is commonplace in vineyards across the world to improve crop yields. Maximum residue levels (MRLs) have been established for grapes in many areas in the w...