A 120-sow,continuously farrowing swine unit from Minnesota experienced an epidemic of diarrhea in 1to 3-day-old pigs. Clinical illness, which usually began shortly after birth, was characterized by high morbidity (nearly 100%)and negligible mortality « 1%).Diarrheic pigs remained vigorous, continued to nurse, and recovered spontaneously in 4-5 days. Diarrhea was clinically unresponsive to treat...

Congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disorder. Mutations of the solute carrier family 26 member 3 gene cause profuse, chloride ion rich diarrhea, which results in hypochloremia, hyponatremia and metabolic alkalosis with dehydration. If a fetal ultrasound shows bowel dilatation suggestive of bowel obstruction, or if a neonate shows persistent diarrhea and me...

BACKGROUND Young children in low- and middle-income countries frequently have inadequate vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) status. Poor folate status is also common and is associated with increased diarrheal and respiratory morbidity. OBJECTIVE The objective was to measure the effect of folic acid and/or vitamin B-12 administration on the incidence of diarrhea and acute lower respiratory tract infecti...

India's National Program for Control of Diarrheal Diseases has established Diarrhea Training and Treatment Units (DTUs) to reduce diarrhea-related morbidity and mortality. The cost-effectiveness and impact of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) were evaluated prospectively in all children presenting to the DTU of I.G. Medical College (Shimla, India) in 1993-94. During the 2-year study period, a to...

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) has been reported to cause traveler's diarrhea and persistent diarrhea in children in developing countries and in immunocompromised patients. To clarify the prevalence of EAEC in traveler's diarrhea, we studied 636 US, Canadian, or European travelers with diarrhea: 218 in Guadalajara, Mexico (June--August 1997 and 1998), 125 in Ocho Rios, Jamaica (Septe...

Arcobacter butzleri is an emerging pathogen that has been implicated as the causative agent of persistent watery diarrhea. We describe a case involving a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed invasive A. butzleri bacteremia. This case illustrates the unique challenges involved in diagnosing infections caused by emerging gastrointestinal pathogens.

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotype O117:K1:H7 is a cause of persistent diarrhea in travelers to tropical locations. Whole genome sequencing identified genetic mechanisms involved in the pathoadaptive phenotype. Sequencing also identified toxin and putative adherence genes flanked by sequences indicating horizontal gene transfer from Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella spp., respect...

Human cosavirus is a novel picornavirus recently identified in feces from children in southern Asia. We report infection with human cosavirus in a patient in the Mediterranean area. The patient was an adult double lung transplant recipient who had chronic diarrhea associated with persistent infection with human cosavirus.

A calf persistently infected by Hobi-like pestivirus was monitored for about 6 months, displaying clinical signs typical of bovine viral diarrhea virus persistent infection and shedding the virus through all body secretions, with maximal titers detected in urine. This report provides new insights into the pathogenesis of the emerging pestivirus.

During an 8-year study period, Arcobacter butzleri was the fourth most common Campylobacter-like organism isolated from 67,599 stool specimens. Our observations suggest that A. butzleri displays microbiologic and clinical features similar to those of Campylobacter jejuni; however, A. butzleri is more frequently associated with a persistent, watery diarrhea.