Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), a peroxisome proliferator, has been listed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and by the National Toxicology Program as a possible or reasonably anticipated human carcinogen because it induces dose-related increases in liver tumors in both sexes of rats and mice. Recently, the suggestion has been advanced that DEHP should be considered un...

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous cellular organelles that perform vital functions including fatty acid beta-oxidation, plasmalogen synthesis, and detoxification of harmful oxidative species. In rodents numerous compounds that increase peroxisome biogenesis also alleviate metabolic syndrome (MetS)/type 2 diabetes (T2D) symptoms. However, compounds that increase peroxisome biogenesis in rodents largely...

Several groups have reported the cloning and sequencing of genes involved in the biogenesis of yeast peroxisomes. Yeast strains bearing mutations in these genes are unable to grow on carbon sources whose metabolism requires peroxisomes, and these strains lack morphologically normal peroxisomes. We report the cloning of Pichia pastoris PAS1, the homologue (based on a high level of protein sequen...

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor(alpha) (PPARalpha) mediates the liver's responses to peroxisome proliferator compounds. These responses include induction of specific hepatic enzymes, peroxisome proliferation and hepatocyte proliferation. PPARalpha null mice, which lack receptor in all cells of the body, do not respond to peroxisome proliferators, indicating that hepatocellular prolif...

background:  we determined the blood lipid-lowering effects ofeicosapentaenoic acid (epa) on hypertriglyceridemic subjects with leu162/val in exon 5 and g/c in intron7 polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (pparα)genotypes that, to our knowledge, have not been previously studied. methods:  a total of170 hypertriglyceridemic subjects were enrolled and genotyped for ala...

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, peroxisomal inheritance from mother cell to bud is conducted by the class V myosin motor, Myo2p. However, homologues of S. cerevisiae Myo2p peroxisomal receptor, Inp2p, are not readily identifiable outside the Saccharomycetaceae family. Here, we demonstrate an unexpected role for Pex3 proteins in peroxisome inheritance. Both Pex3p and Pex3Bp are peroxisomal integral...

We define the dynamics of spatial and temporal reorganization of the team of proteins and lipids serving peroxisome division. The peroxisome becomes competent for division only after it acquires the complete set of matrix proteins involved in lipid metabolism. Overloading the peroxisome with matrix proteins promotes the relocation of acyl-CoA oxidase (Aox), an enzyme of fatty acid beta-oxidatio...

A peroxisome proliferator-responsive element is located in the 5'-flanking region of the gene encoding rat hydratase-dehydrogenase, the second enzyme of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway. DNase I footprint analysis with nuclear extracts from proliferator-responsive rat H4IIEC3 cells revealed two protected regions within the 196-base pair peroxisome proliferator-responsive element. Both reg...