Cogging torque is the major limitation of axial flux permanent magnet motors. The reduction of cogging torque during the design process is highly desirable to enhance the overall performance of axial flux permanent magnet motors. This paper presents a double-layer magnet design technique for cogging torque reduction of axial flux permanent magnet motor. Initially, 250 W, 150 rpm axial flux brus...

Agrawal and Vinay [AV08] have recently shown that an exponential lower bound for depth four homogeneous circuits with bottom layer of × gates having sublinear fanin translates to an exponential lower bound for a general arithmetic circuit computing the permanent. Motivated by this, we examine the complexity of computing the permanent and determinant via homogeneous depth four circuits with boun...

Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) machines are attractive candidates for Electric Vehicles (EVs) applications due to their axial compact structure, high efficiency, high power and torque density. This paper presents general design characteristics of AFPM machines. Moreover, torque density of the machine which is selected as main objective function, is enhanced by using Genetic Algorithm (GA) a...

The permanent of a square matrix is defined in a way similar to the determinant, but without using signs. The exact computation of the permanent is hard, but there are Monte-Carlo algorithms that can estimate general permanents. Given a planar diagram of a link L with n crossings, we define a 7n× 7n matrix whose permanent equals to the Jones polynomial of L. This result accompanied with recent ...

OBJECTIVE Definitive diagnosis of the central nervous system (CNS) lesions is unknown prior to histopathological examination. To determine the method and the endpoint for surgery, intraoperative evaluation of the lesion helps the surgeon. In this study, the diagnostic accuracy and pitfalls of using frozen section (FS) of CNS lesions is determined. MATERIALS & METHODS In this retrospective stu...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of incremental and maximum bite advancement during treatment of Class II Division 1 malocclusion with the Twin-block appliance in the permanent dentition. It was performed at 3 district general hospitals in the United Kingdom with 4 operators. Two hundred three patients, 10-14 years old, were randomized. Control patients had the initial bi...

congenital hypothyroidism is a condition of thyroid hormone deficiency. approximately 1 in 4000 newborn infants has a deficiency of thyroid function. the aim of this study is determination of the prevalence of permanent and transient congenital hypothyroidism (ch) in yazd, iran.from may 2006 to june 2008, 35377 newborns were screened by measuring serum tsh obtained by heel prick. the neonates w...

this study is trying to exploitations view point and permanent management problems of rangeland to evaluate in ranches damavand summer rangeland in amol county. statistical society are utilizations 15 ranch that with three methods, collective property, private property and council property from rangeland utilization and randomly from among their number 88 was selected. the research tool was a q...