Subject to compression, elastic materials may undergo bifurcation of various kinds. A homogeneous material forms creases, whereas a bilayer consisting of a stiff film and a compliant substrate forms wrinkles. Here, we show several new types of bifurcation behavior for bilayers consisting of films and substrates of comparable elastic moduli. Depending on the ratios of moduli and thicknesses of t...

The FA (facial ageing) process has been of a great interest to many researchers and some firms like airports and police departments, this is due to the fact that the face appearance changes as people age resulting in difficulties identifying certain individuals. In this paper, 2D wrinkle maps will be used in the design of a 3D system for the purpose of facial wrinkles simulation and prediction....

The surface instability of monolayer graphene supported by a soft (polymer) substrate under equal-biaxial compression has been explored through large scale coarse-grained molecular simulations. Regardless of the interfacial adhesion strength between the graphene and the substrate, herringbone wrinkles have always been observed due to their lowest energy status, compared with the checkerboard, h...

BACKGROUND We reported previously that near-infrared (NIR) irradiation provides long-lasting stimulation of elastin, and is efficient for skin rejuvenation. Many studies have indicated the efficacy of various types of laser, but did not include sufficiently objective evaluation. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of NIR laser treatment not only subjectively but also objectively. METHODS Fif...

This work focuses on web dynamics and wrinkles analysis in industrial web handling systems by using finite element modeling. The main objective is to simulate wrinkles in a real environment with the control part of the system, depending on mechanical parameters and process data. The effects of misaligned rollers and a roller deflection are specifically analyzed in order to study the influence o...

BACKGROUND Facial wrinkles are an undesirable feature caused by extrinsic photodamage and intrinsic aging process. Many cosmetic products and esthetic procedures strive to ameliorate the appearance of wrinkles. Currently the effects of those products and procedures on wrinkles are mainly evaluated by clinical grading, subjective self-assessment questionnaires, and optical profilometry of replic...

BACKGROUND Pulsed 532-nm lasers have been widely used in the treatment of vascular and pigmented conditions of aged skin. In addition to lesion clearance, many patients report color and texture improvements to the skin. These improvements are often difficult to appreciate from photographic analysis alone, but are significant to the patient's impression of treatment success. OBJECTIVE To grade...

The surface sculpture of the inoceramid bivalve Magadiceramus? rangatira rangatira consists of commarginal ribs and curious, transverse wrinkles. The wrinkles typically are at a high angle or orthogonal to the shell margin (‘antimarginal’) and thus differ from purely radial structures. They show features of distribution and morphology that reveal them to be products of margin-parallel compressi...