Objective. To assess level and the structure of systemic antibiotic consumption in Russia over period 2017 to 2021. Materials Methods. Data were collected analysed compliance with standard protocol World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe by means ATC/DDD methodology J01 group – antibacterials use. Consumption was calculated outpatients inpatients separately as a number DDDs per 100...

BACKGROUND Carbapenems are frequently used to treat infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Thus, the emergence of infections due to carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKp) is a major public health concern. OBJECTIVES To identify risk factors associated with the development of CRKp infections. METHODS We conducted a matched case-control study in...

Penicillins may be regarded as acylation products of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (Figure 1). This bicyclic dipeptide results from cyclization of L-Cysteinyl-L-valine (1) and is loosed into the culture medium in good yield when a strain of Penicillium chrysogenurn (W.51.20) is cultured in the absence of side chain precursors suitable for acylation at the 6-amino grouping (2). With the attainment of...

BACKGROUND The intravenous use of voriconazole requires coadministration with sulphobutylether-β-cyclodextrin, which may accumulate in patients with impaired renal function. METHODS All adult patients treated with the same formulation of voriconazole for a minimum of 3 consecutive days were included. Renal function was assessed based on the creatinine level and the calculated creatinine clear...

With polidocanol, it was possible to reduce the MIC as well as the MBC of methicillin, oxacillin, penicillin G, and ampicillin against resistant staphylococci. The strongest effects were obtained with methicillin and oxacillin. All strains tested could be resensitized to these penicillins independent of the original resistance levels. Polidocanol was not inhibitory by itself for Staphylococcus ...

BACKGROUND A prospective observational study was undertaken in 2, 481 patients undergoing elective colon resection in 114 German centers to identify optimal drug and dosing modalities and risk factors for postoperative infection. METHODS Patients were pair matched using six risk factors and divided into 672 pairs (ceftriaxone vs. other cephalosporins, group A) and 400 pairs (ceftriaxone vs. p...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE 13-Lactams are the most commonly used antibiotics but they can cause hypersensitivity reactions. We sought to estimate cross-reactivity and tolerability of cephalosporins in patients with cell-mediated allergy to penicillins. METHODS We studied 97 patients with a clinical history of nonimmediate reactions to a penicillin and a positive patch test result to at least 1 ...

Acinetobacter bereziniae (formerly Acinetobacter genomospecies 10) isolate Nec was recovered from a skin sample of a patient hospitalized in Paris, France. It was resistant to penicillins, penicillin-inhibitor combinations, and carbapenems. Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli identified the carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamase OXA-229, which is weakly related to other oxacillinases...

The rapid intravenous administration to mice of pirbenicillin, carbenicillin, and ampicillin produced biexponential blood concentration-time curves when assessed by frequent blood samplings at short intervals. The pharmacokinetic behavior of pirbenicillin and the other penicillins was analyzed by the two-compartment open model. This is thought to be the first study giving detailed pharmacokinet...