Brown tumors are focal bone lesions, caused by increased osteoclastic activity and fibroblastic proliferation, encountered in patients with uncontrolled hyperparathyroidism (HPT). They can be located in any part of the skeleton, but are most frequently encountered in the ribs, clavicles, extremities, and pelvic girdle. Clinically significant lesions in the craniofacial bones are rare Brown tumo...

The anuran pelvic girdle is unique among all amphibians in that its acetabular portion is located far posterior to the sacrum, lateral to the postsacral (= caudal) vertebral column, which is reduced to a single rod-like element called the urostyle. This situation in the adult is strikingly different not only from that in ancestral temnospondyls but also in other modern amphibians. Because there...

The kinematics of the hindlimb during terrestrial treadmill locomotion in Dicamptodon tenebrosus were compared between larval and metamorphosed individuals at different speeds. Coordinates of marker points on the salamander's midline, pelvic girdle and left hindlimb were digitized from high-speed videos (200 fields s-1). These yielded kinematic variables describing trunk flexion, pelvic girdle ...

Theoretical models predict that nonlinear environmental effects on the phenotype also affect developmental canalization, which in turn can influence the tempo and course of organismal evolution. Here, we used an oceanic population of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to investigate temperature-induced phenotypic plasticity of body size and shape using a paternal half-sibling, spli...

BACKGROUND Different tests are used in order to classify women with pelvic girdle pain (PGP). One limitation of the tests is that they need to be performed by an examiner. Self-administered tests have previously been described and evaluated by women who performed the tests directly before the examiner performed the original tests. Thus, an evaluation of the self-administered tests performed in ...

Inadequate access to antenatal care is still a major concern in many developing countries, and reducing pregnancy-related mortality is the main goal of national and international organizations of maternal health (1, 2). Despite the significant gap to reach the millennium development goal 5 (MDG5) to put an end to all the preventable causes of maternal deaths, the importance of other apparently ...