Prior research on school dropout has often focused on stable person- and institution-level variables. In this research, we investigate longitudinally perceived stress and optimism as predictors of dropout intentions over a period of four years, and distinguish between stable and temporary predictors of dropout intentions. Findings based on a nationally representative sample of 16-20 year-olds i...

Preventing feature co-adaptation by encouraging independent contributions from different features often improves classification and regression performance. Dropout training (Hinton et al., 2012) does this by randomly dropping out (zeroing) hidden units and input features during training of neural networks. However, repeatedly sampling a random subset of input features makes training much slower...

While MOOCs offer educational data at a new scale, many educators have been alarmed by their high dropout rates. Learners join a course with some motivation to persist for some or all of the course, but various factors, such as attrition or lack of satisfaction, can lead them to disengage or totally drop out. Educational interventions targeting such risk factors can help reduce dropout rates. H...

High school dropout is an important policy issue and its determinants are a longstanding interest of economics. However, very little is known on the roles of noncognitive traits in influencing school dropout decisions. We employ voluntary forgone health care as a proxy for the underlying noncognitive traits that may induce adolescents to dropout and estimate its effects on early school attritio...

OBJECTIVE To investigate mental health dropout rates in secondary care and to identify possible associations between this variable and social, demographic, psychopathologic, and health care process-related variables. METHOD This prospective, observational study included 994 patients referred to a secondary service by four primary care units and evaluated by a specialist mental health team bet...

OBJECTIVE High dropout rates from inpatient treatment for Anorexia Nervosa (AN) pose a serious obstacle to successful treatment. Because dropping out of inpatient treatment may have a negative impact on outcome, it is important to understand why dropout occurs so that treatment can be targeted toward keeping patients in care. We therefore conducted a critical literature review of studies on dro...

OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical performance of 3 new-generation pulse-oximetry signal-processing software systems (Philips FAST, Masimo SET, and Nellcor N-3000) during ambulation after open-heart surgery. DESIGN Prospective, convenience sample. SETTING Cardiac surgical progressive care unit in a 629-bed, not-for-profit, tertiary-care teaching hospital. PATIENTS Status post-cardiac-surger...

PURPOSE C-reactive protein (CRP) is a useful biomarker for prediction of long-term outcomes in patients undergoing chronic dialysis. This observational cohort study evaluated whether the time-averaged serum high-sensitivity CRP (HS-CRP) level was a better predictor of clinical outcomes than a single HS-CRP level in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). PATIENTS AND METHODS We classifi...

BACKGROUND WEB-Based Distress Management Program for Implantable CARdioverter defibrillator Patients (WEBCARE) is a Web-based randomized controlled trial, designed to improve psychological well-being in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). As in other Web-based trials, we encountered problems with attrition and adherence. OBJECTIVE In the current study, we focus on t...