We present two cases of viral associated orchitis and subsequent testis masses concerning for malignancy both on physical exam and scrotal ultrasound. In both cases, the patients underwent radical orchiectomy after a discussion of management options. Both pathologic analyses were negative for malignancy, and our literature search revealed no other similar case reports. We review our two cases s...

This paper is a review of the various surgical techniques used in repair or reconstruction of the scapholunate ligament according to the clinical stages and anatomic-pathologic findings. Arthroscopy permits a direct evaluation of the scapholunate injury and the status of the articular surfaces. Specific indications for each type of scapholunate ligament tear are proposed, from the different typ...

Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is a complex pathophysiologic entity that is associated with significant morbidity causing abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The purpose of this review is to describe the anatomy and physiology of the sphincter of Oddi, to understand the pathologic mechanisms thought to be responsible for symptomatology, review recent major studies, explore endoscopic and pharm...

OBJECTIVE To review the differences between physiologic and pathologic phimosis, review proper foreskin care, and discuss when it is appropriate to seek consultation regarding a phimotic foreskin. SOURCES OF INFORMATION This paper is based on selected findings from a MEDLINE search for literature on phimosis and circumcision referrals and on our experience at the Children's Hospital of Easter...

There is no consensus on the pathologic conditions or severity implied by the term "hippocampal sclerosis" (HS). In this study, a panel of experienced neuropathologists evaluated inter-rater agreement for pathologic diagnoses in the hippocampus and proposes consensus recommendations on the use of the term "HS." In a group of 251 cases of HS selected from a large autopsy cohort (1,388; 18%), a c...

BACKGROUND Intraoperative pathologic diagnosis of bone and soft tissue lesions is an important yet challenging tool in clinical musculoskeletal oncology practice. There is limited information in the literature addressing the practical issues commonly encountered regarding intraoperative frozen section of musculoskeletal lesions. METHODS A literature review and retrospective review of practica...