BACKGROUND The worldwide burden of the Group A Streptococcus (GAS) primary infection and sequelae is considerable, although immunization programs with broad coverage of the hyper variable GAS are still missing. We evaluate the streptococcal hemoprotein receptor (Shr), a conserved streptococcal protein, as a vaccine candidate against GAS infection. METHODS Mice were immunized intraperitoneally...

The recent proliferation of Internet worms has raised questions about defensive measures. To date most techniques proposed are passive, in-so-far as they attempt to block or slow a worm, or detect and filter it. Active defenses take the battle to the worm—trying to eliminate or isolate infected hosts, and/or automatically and actively patch susceptible but as-yet-uninfected hosts, without the k...

ATP-binding cassette transporters protect cells via efflux of xenobiotics and endogenous byproducts of detoxification. While the cost of this ATP-dependent extrusion is known at the molecular level, i.e. the ATP used for each efflux event, the overall cost to a cell or organism of operating this defense is unclear, especially as the cost of efflux changes depending on environmental conditions. ...

The recent proliferation of Internet worms has raised questions about defensive measures. To date most techniques proposed are passive, in-so-far as they attempt to block or slow a worm, or detect and filter it. Active defenses take the battle to the worm—trying to eliminate or isolate infected hosts, and/or automatically and actively patch susceptible but as-yet-uninfected hosts, without the k...

Website fingerprinting attacks allow a local, passive eavesdropper to identify a web browsing client’s destination web page by extracting noticeable and unique features from her traffic. Such attacks magnify the gap between privacy and security — a client who encrypts her communication traffic may still have her browsing behaviour exposed to lowcost eavesdropping. Previous authors have shown th...

abstract in this study the relationship among perfectionism, defense styles and depression symptoms was studied. participants were 426 undergraduate students from the university of guilan (264 females, 162 males), who were selected through randomized clustering multistage method. all participants were asked to complete the multidimensional perfectionism scale (hewitt & flett, 1991), the defense...

This paper proposes a layered container inspection system for detecting illicit nuclear materials using radiography information. We argue that the current inspection system, relying heavily on the Automated Targeting System (ATS) and passive radiation detectors, is inherently incapable of reliably detecting shielded radioactive materials, especially highly enriched uranium (HEU). This motivates...

∗ This work was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Air Force contract F19628-00-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States Government. Abstract We have extended our previous capabilities for fusion of multiple passive imaging sensors to now include 3D imagery obt...