Freshwater food webs can be partly supported by terrestrial primary production, often deriving from plant litter of surrounding catchment vegetation. Although consisting mainly of poorly bioavailable lignin, with low protein and lipid content, the carbohydrates from fallen tree leaves and shoreline vegetation may be utilized by aquatic consumers. Here we show that during phytoplankton deficienc...

A spectroscopic analysis of 115 wintertime particulate matter samples collected in rural California shows that wood smoke absorbs solar radiation with a strong spectral selectivity. This is consistent with prior work that has demonstrated that organic carbon (OC), in addition to black carbon (BC), appreciably absorbs solar radiation in the visible and ultraviolet spectral regions. We apportion ...

A framework that employs the Volatility Basis Set (VBS) within the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) was applied to predict organic aerosol concentrations from aircraft emissions. This framework was further expanded to include the formation of secondary organic aerosols from semi and intermediate volatile organic compounds which are traditionally missing from emission inventories us...

Most streams receive substantial inputs of allochthonous organic material in the form of leaves and twigs (CPOM , coarse particulate organic matter). Mechanical and biological processing converts this into fine particulate organic matter (FPOM). Other sources of particles include flocculated dissolved matter and soil particles. Fungi are known to play a role in the CPOM conversion process, but ...

Most streams receive substantial inputs of allochthonous organic material in the form of leaves and twigs (CPOM coarse particulate organic matter). , Mechanical and biological processing converts this into fine particulate organic matter (FPOM). Other sources of particles include flocculated dissolved matter and soil particles. Fungi are known to play a role in the CPOM conversion process, but ...

Isoprene accounts for more than half of non-methane volatile organics globally. Despite extensive experimentation, homogeneous formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from isoprene remains unproven. Herein, an incloud process is identified in which isoprene produces SOA. Interstitial oxidation of isoprene produces water-soluble aldehydes that react in cloud droplets to form organic acids. ...

Developing spectral models of soil properties is an important frontier in remote sensing and soil science. Several studies have focused on modeling soil properties such as total pools of soil organic matter and carbon in bare soils. We extended this effort to model soil parameters in areas densely covered with coastal vegetation. Moreover, we investigated soil properties indicative of soil func...

Abstract The largest terrestrial organic carbon pool, in soils, is regulated by an intricate connection between plant inputs, microbial activity, and the soil matrix. This manifested how microorganisms, key players transforming plant-derived into carbon, are controlled physical arrangement of inorganic particles. Here we conduct incubation isotopically labelled litter to study effects structure...

Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated pesticides (CPs) were measured in air and precipitation at a background site in central Europe. ∑ PAH concentrations in air and rainwater ranged from 0.7 to 327.9 ng m and below limit of quantification (< LOQ) to 2.1× 10 ng L. The concentrations of PCBs and CPs in rainwater were < LOQ. ∑...