Over centuries, democratic theory has developed emancipatory ideals of inclusion, agency and transparency. These ideals, however, have scarcely been applied to the process theorizing itself. Democratic is a product academic ivory tower. This article sets out confront this problem formulates as an alternative established approaches democracy. It does so by conceptualizing production innovation. ...

While scholars have found several benefits to citizens, government, and society resulting from participatory policy processes, other research suggests that citizens are apathetic and uninterested in participating in policy-making. Also, in some cases, knowing that similar others participated in making a decision can decrease support for the result. The current research attempts to determine whe...

among the important elements of democracies are parliaments and legislatures. parliament’s status and importance is such that each democratic system and state, should take it into consideration as a fundamental and vital institution. this requirement is also discussed in islamic states. according to the principles of islamic theological thought, before we can talk about parliament and its struc...

This review outlines the benefits of using multiple approaches to improve model design and facilitate multidisciplinary research into infectious diseases, as well as showing and proposing practical examples of effective integration. It looks particularly at the benefits of using participatory research in conjunction with traditional modelling methods to potentially improve disease research, con...

Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a qualitative research methodology option that requires further understanding and consideration. PAR is considered democratic, equitable, liberating, and life-enhancing qualitative inquiry that remains distinct from other qualitative methodologies (Kach & Kralik, 2006). Using PAR, qualitative features of an individual’s feelings, views, and patterns are re...

ABSTRACT Participatory management, although instituted in the norms of constitution Brazilian Universal Health System (SUS), still faces challenges to be effective practice at a local level, especially complex urban territories, aiming community strengthening and social participation. This essay aims present discuss aspects participatory management experience vulnerable territory, mediated by P...