Understanding egg-laying behaviour of brood parasites in space and time can improve our knowledge interactions between hosts parasites. However, no studies have combined information on the laying activity an obligate parasite with detailed distribution host nests within area period. Here, we used molecular methods analysis egg phenotypes to determine maternal identity common cuckoo, Cuculus can...

We present a field-portable lens-free optical tomographic microscope, which enables sectional-imaging of a large sample volume (~20 mm) with an axial-resolution of <7 μm. This platform, weighing ~110 grams, employs cost-effective lightemitting diodes and an optoelectronic sensor array to record in-line projection holograms of objects placed on a sensor-chip along different directions of illumin...

The Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus, a DNA virus that attacks lepidopterans, codes for an executioner caspase synthesized by 9 h after infection of Sf21 cells. This caspase alone induces apoptosis in insect cells and, during viral replication in vivo, contributes to a novel cell cleavage process in which developing apoptotic bodies are rescued by the virus and differentiate to form large vesicl...

A Caenorhabditis-specific pheromone and the food supply influence both entry into and exit from a developmentally arrested juvenile stage called the dauer larva. The pheromone increases the frequency of dauer larva formation and inhibits recovery but does not affect adult behavior such as chemotaxis and egg laying. The fatty acid--like pheromone has been partially purified and characterized by ...

Early attempts at the biological control of the pyralid borer Eldana saccharina Walker were discussed in a paper presented at the Congress of the South African Sugar Technologists' Association in 1979. Since then further introductions of both egg and larval parasitoids have been made and include: Trichogrammatoidea eldanae Vigianni, Trichogramma sp and Telenomus applanatus Bin & Johnson (from W...

The efficacy of a single treatment with a pour-on application or a subcutaneous injection of the macrocyclic lactone endectocide, doramectin, was evaluated in separate trials on Hereford heifers infested with Boophilus microplus (Canestrini). Significantly fewer ticks per calf were recovered from both groups of treated animals than from the complimentary untreated calves. The mean weights of en...

  Fungal infection in the eggs of freshwater fish is well known as a problematic disease. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify parasitic and saprophytic fungi from affected eggs of rainbow trout at two fish hatchery in Kermanshah province. The sample were inoculated in culture media (SDA,CMA,GPA and stilled water with cotton seed culture) at room temperature (18-24 ° C).17 s...

We estimate revealed willingness to pay for animal welfare using a panel mixed logit model. We utilize a unique household level panel, combining real purchases with survey data on perceived public and private good attributes of different types of eggs. We estimate willingness to pay for organic eggs controlling for trust in a positive connection between the public good animal welfare and the or...