BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis is a major parasitic disease in the tropical regions. However, Leishmania infantum has recently emerged as a very important cause of opportunistic infections for individuals positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, there is a lack of in vitro tests for assessing the effect of anti-parasitic drugs on the viability and proliferation of Leishmania infantum...

background:   understanding the etiology of appendicitis is important for developing effective treatments the rela­tionship between parasitic appendicitis and various socio-cultural factors were examined, particu­larly with respect to the incidence of literacy. the aim of the article was to research the relations between para­sitic appendicitis and literacy ratio in population. methods : cases ...

Background: Fruits and vegetables are potential vehicle of transmission of intestinal parasites. The main aim of this study was to determine prevalence of intestinal parasitic contamination in fruits and vegetables sampled from Caborca region, Northwest Mexico. Methods: A total of 400 fruit and vegetable samples were collected from unregulated open-air markets and closed (i.e., regulated) mark...

Progesterone (P4) plays different physiological roles, including reproductive and non-reproductive actions. Most of P4 effects are mediated by its interaction with its nuclear receptor (PR). Among the non-reproductive functions of P4, the regulation of the immune response, particularly during pregnancy, is remarkably important. P4 is able to modulate the immune response during normal physiologi...

I investigated the prediction that parasitic castrators can reduce host population density. A survey of the salt marsh snail Cerithidea californica suggested a negative association between snail density and the prevalence of larval trematodes which castrate parasitized snails. Field experiments were conducted to determine the mechanisms by which larval trematodes might affect snail populat ion~...

Throughout evolution, a wide number of organisms specialized in parasitizing plants. Plants are not exceptions; certain plant species evolved as parasites of their own kind. Parasitic angiosperms evolved at least 12 times and show various lifestyles. For example, facultative parasitic plants can complete their life cycle and produce seeds without hosts, whereas obligate parasitic plants totally...

A new smart interface based on a first-order chargebalanced SC-oscillator is presented for capacitive sensors, which are shunted by a parasitic conductance. In the novel interface, the effect of shunting conductance is reduced by using the charge/discharge method. The effect of the stray capacitances is eliminated by using the two-port measurement. Moreover, all multiplicative and additive erro...