We tested the claim that inter-individual CBF variability in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is substantially reduced after correction for arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO(2)). Specifically, we tested whether the variability of CBF in brain of patients with AD differed significantly from brain of age-matched healthy control subjects (HC). To eliminate the CO(2)-induced variability, we developed a...

Influence of Cerebral Vasoconslricting and Vasodilating Agents on Blood Flow in Regions of Focal Ischemia • Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements with krypton-85 (100 separate determinations) were compared in squirrel monkeys anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (a cerebral vasoconstrictor) and halothane (a cerebral vasodilator) before, during, and after middle cerebral artery (MCA...

In this paper we apply a Population based Ant Colony Optimization (PACO) algorithm for solving the following new version of the Traveling Salesperson problem that is called the Combined Tours TSP (CT-TSP). Given are a set of cities, for each pair of cities a cost function and an integer k. The aim is to find a set of k (cyclic) tours, i.e., each city is contained exactly once in each tour and e...

Regional brain blood flow was determined in 23 awake, unparalyzed gerbils with a simplified indicator-fractionation technique. The use of intravenous "C-butanol, an indicator that is freely diffusible into the brain, eliminated the need for repetitive sampling of arterial and cerebral venous blood and reduced the period of indicator circulation to 10 seconds. Gerbils spontaneously breathing roo...

The diffusing capacity of the lungs (DL) is defined as the rate of a gas transferred, divided by the difference in the mean partial pressure of that gas across the alveolar-capillary "membrane." Direct determination of the diffusing capacity for oxygen (DLo2) has been limited by technical difficulties and by the problematical calculation of the mean oxygen pressure on the capillary side of the ...

OBJECTIVE To clarify the relationship between symptoms, clinical signs and physiological abnormalities that were motivating the initiation of home mechanical ventilation in patients suffering from neuromuscular diseases. METHODS From The Swedish Home Mechanical Ventilation Register we identified 352 patients with neuromuscular diseases and we looked at circumstances (acute vs elective) and cl...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the safety issues concerning anesthetic management of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in pediatric patients. METHODS The medical records of 52 pediatric patients undergoing VATS using general anesthesia and one-lung ventilation (OLV) were reviewed. OLV was achieved with a Fogarty catheter (n = 23) or endobronchial intubation (n = ...

This paper introduces a methodological framework for contextual design with patterns (paco). Its development was driven by the lack of guidance in designing audio in the user interface and by the need to communicate design knowledge within the community and to designers outside the field. The fundamental concepts presented in this paper, however, are generic and might be applicable similarly to...

A 20-year-old woman was admitted to the intensive care unit following resuscitation from respiratory arrest associated with acute severe asthma. Examination of the chest revealed marked wheezing with equal intensity of breath sounds bilaterally. She was mechanically ventilated and given intravenous aminophylline, salbutamol and hydrocortisone, as well as nebulized salbutamol. Her inspiratory ai...

Effects of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) on cardiopulmonary function were evaluated in horses anesthetized with total intravenous anesthesia using constant rate infusions of medetomidine (3.5 µg/kg/hr), lidocaine (3 mg/kg/hr), butorphanol (24 µg/kg/hr) and propofol (0.1 mg/kg/min) (MLBP-TIVA). Five horses were anesthetized twice using MLBP-TIVA with or without IPPV at 4-week...