Abstract Patchouli is the source of an essential oil known as patchouli and it has a pivotal contribution to increase national income in Indonesia. However, this plant vulnerable wilt disease caused by fungi, bacteria nematodes, contributing losses quality quantity production. This review aimed at providing information about these destructive pathogens their effective controls. It explained tha...

The burrowing nematode Radopholus similis is considered a major problem of intensive banana cultivation. It can cause extensive root damage resulting in the toppling disease banana, which means that plants fall to ground. Soaking R. double-stranded (ds) RNA genes Rps13, chitin synthase (Chs-2), Unc-87, Pat-10 or beta-1,4-endoglucanase (Eng1a) suppressed reproduction on carrot discs, from 2.8-fo...

The diagnostic characters of the Chinese planthopper genus Tetricodes Fennah, 1956 are redefined. Three new species of this genus, T. ansatus Chang & Chen, sp. n. (China: Guangxi), T. parvispinus Chang & Chen, sp. n. (China: Guizhou) and T. similis Chang & Chen, sp. n. (China: Guizhou) are described and illustrated. The female genitalia of the genus is described and illustrated for the first ti...

Metalaxyl significantly reduced population of Pratylenchus coffeae, Radopholus similis, and Tylenchulus semipenetrans in roots of Citrus limon (rough lemon) under greenhouse conditions. Postinoculation treatment of rough lemon seedlings was not as effective i n reducing nematode populations as was treatment before inoculation. Fewer nematodes infected metalaxyl-treated roots than nontreated roo...

A monophyletic group of black yeast-like fungi containing opportunistic pathogens around Exophiala spinifera is analyzed using sequences of the small-subunit (SSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) domains of ribosomal DNA. The group contains yeast-like and annellidic species (anamorph genus Exophiala) in addition to sympodial taxa (anamorph genera Ramichloridium and Rhinocladiella). The ne...

* Journal Paper No. J-1578 of the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station. Project No. 746. 1 Ajl, S. J., White, A. G. C., and Werkman, C. H., J. Bact., 54, 23 (1947). 2 Kalnitsky, G., Utter, M. F., and Werkman, C. H., Ibid., 49, 595-602 (1947). 3 Ochoa, S., J. Biol. Chem., 155, 87-100 (1944). 4 Quastel, J. H., and Wooldridge, W. R., Biochem. J., 22, 689-702 (1922). 5 Klotz, I. M., and Tietze, F.,...

Two new troglobitic species of Tomoceridae are described from Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, China. Tomocerus tiani sp. n. resembles Tomocerus kinoshitai Yosii, 1954, Tomocerus caecus Yu & Deharveng, 2015 and Tomocerus similis Chen & Ma, 1997 but differs from them mainly in the body colour, the cephalic chaetotaxy and the number of manubrial pseudopores. Monodontocerus cinereus sp. n. is simila...