Chemical distributions and microbial culture data are combined to identify the biogeochemical pathways that control the cycles of manganese and iron at the oxicanoxic transition of the Orca Basin. The redox transition coincides with an increase in salinity from 35 to 260‰; hence, mixing diagrams are used to constrain the salinity ranges over which consumption or production of solute species tak...

Calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) mediates critical signaling pathways responsible for divergent functions in the heart including calcium cycling, hypertrophy and apoptosis. Dysfunction in the CaMKII signaling pathway occurs in heart disease and is associated with increased susceptibility to life-threatening arrhythmia. Furthermore, CaMKII inhibition prevents cardiac arrhythmia and improves heart f...

In presented work authors analyzed the high-temperature oxidation process from the point of view of its influence on effects obtained during cast iron hot-dip zinc coating. Research concerned the influence of the high-temperature oxidation, as a preliminary stage previous to coating with zinc on the change of surface layer structure as well as subsurface layer of cast iron with flake, vermicula...

The interactions between oxygen permeation and homogeneous fuel oxidation reactions on the sweep side of an ion transport membrane (ITM) are examined using a comprehensive model, which couples the dependency of the oxygen permeation rate on the membrane surface conditions and detailed chemistry and transport in the vicinity of the membrane. We assume that the membrane surface is not catalytic t...

Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms compete with phytoplankton for reduced nitrogen in the euphotic zone and provide oxidized nitrogen to other microbes present in the sea. We report 15NH z4 oxidation rate measurements made at 5–20-m resolution using an in situ array and quantification of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in corresponding samples from the upper w...

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is recognized as an important process for nitrogen cycling, yet little is known about its role in the subsurface biosphere. In this study, we investigated the presence, abundance, and role of anammox bacteria in upland soil cores from Tianjin, China (20 m depth) and Basel, Switzerland (10 m depth), using isotope-tracing techniques, (q)PCR assays, and 16 S ...

The sediment-water interface is an important site for material exchange in marine systems and harbor unique microbial habitats. The flux of nutrients, metals, and greenhouse gases at this interface may be severely dampened by the activity of microorganisms and abiotic redox processes, leading to the "benthic filter" concept. In this study, we investigate the spatial variability, mechanisms and ...

In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) is one of the effective technologies used for source zone remediation of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) such as chlorinated solvents in the subsurface environments. In karst systems, DNAPL source zones reside in epikarst where the contaminant is generally trapped in the soil or at the carbonate bedrock contact. The efficiency of oxidation of residual t...