Utilitarian and economic theories of deterrence hold that the relation of the penalty to the misdeed should be irrelevant. In five experiments using hypothetical cases, judgments of penalties depended on whether this relation was in-kind (IK) or out-of-kind (OK). When victims were identifiable, IK penalties were higher than OK and preferred to OK. Subjects seemed to confuse penalties and compen...

Entries in biomolecular databases are often annotated with concepts from different ontologies and thereby establish links between pairs of concepts. Such links may reveal meaningful relationships between linked concepts, however they could as well relate concepts by chance. In this work we present InterOnto, a methodology that allows us to rank concept pairs to identify the most meaningful asso...

Young children learning English are biased to attend to the shape of solid rigid objects when learning novel names. This study seeks further understanding of the processes that support this behavior by examining a previous finding that three-year-old children are also biased to generalize novel names for objects made from deformable materials by shape, even after the materials are made salient....

background and purpose: this study aimed to manage medical errors before and after the implementation of accreditation in public, private, and social security hospitals of mazandaran, iran. materials and methods: this descriptive study has been done in 38 hospitals. data were collected through documents reviewed relating to 2013 and 2014. the paired t-test and friedman test were used by statist...

this study aimed to evaluate the reliability factors, and identify causes of error in direct anthropometry method. after training three beginner anthropometrists and following the instructions of anthropometric standards, 48 body dimensions of 42 male students were measured three times. in other words, the physical dimensions of each subject were measured for 9 times. all participants were wear...

Chronological cues are ubiquitous in retail settings, whether they come the form of production, release, on-shelf, or purchase dates, etc. Yet, remain relatively underexplored marketing literature. Could newness that arises from these chronological lead consumers to prefer options merely because newer, above and beyond any substantive benefits conferred implied by newness? We propose find a ser...