The middle ear apparatus is composed of three endochondrial ossicles (the stapes, incus and malleus) and two membranous bones, the tympanic ring and the gonium, which act as structural components to anchor the ossicles to the skull. Except for the stapes, these skeletal elements are unique to mammals and are derived from the first and second branchial arches. We show that, in combination with g...

The discs of synthetic auditory ossicle (Bioceram), which are composed of aluminium oxide (Al2O3), were implanted subcutaneously in the interscapular region of 16 rats. The implanted specimens were removed at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after implantation. The decalcified 6 microns thick sections were stained with H.E. and cell types around the implants were counted microscopically. We found that an ac...

The body wall of starfish is composed of magnesium calcite ossicles connected by collagenous tissue and muscles and it exhibits remarkable variability in stiffness, which is attributed to the mechanical mutability of the collagenous component. Using the common European starfish Asterias rubens as an experimental animal, here we have employed a variety of techniques to gain new insights into the...

The cartilage-conduction pathway was recently proposed as a third auditory pathway; however, middle-ear vibrations have not yet been investigated in vivo. We aimed to measure the ossicles and bone vibration upon stimulation with non-contact laser Doppler vibrometer. recruited adult patients normal ear structures who underwent cochlear implant surgery at our hospital between April 2020 December ...

Hearing impairment affects over two-thirds of adults with diabetes. We investigated whether rat models type 1 and 11 diabetes display impaired auditory function. Tympanometry measurements were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats (control, n = 20), streptozotocin-induced I diabetic (n 20) at 42 - 56 days old; Zucker (Hos: ZFDM-Lean (fa/+, Type 2 Diabetic (ZFDM ZFDM-fa/fa); 20)), 90 old. All male. C...

The endoscope allows for better inspection for cholesteatoma in cases with chronic otitis media, better access to selective epitympanic poor ventilation and secondary selective chronic otitis media, better visualization of anterior poor ventilation of the mesotympanum (reestablishing adequate ventilation to the mesotympanum), better visualization and reconstruction of anterior tympanic membrane...

OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility of measuring tympanic membrane (TM) vibrations at multiple locations on the TM to differentiate normal eardrums from those with associated ossicular pathologies. DESIGN Cadaveric human temporal bone study. SETTING Basic science laboratory. METHODS A mastoidectomy and facial recess approach was performed on four cadaveric temporal bones to obtain acce...