IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated disorder that involves multiple organs and characterized by the infiltration of lymphoplasmacytic cells, including IgG4-positive plasma along with storiform fibrosis obliterative phlebitis in inflamed organs. The primary sites affected this condition include pancreas, bile ducts, salivary glands, aorta, lungs, kidneys, meninges, lacrimal medi...

The buccal fat pad (BFP) has become more and more popular in oral and maxillofa‐ cial surgery. Originally, it was described as an anatomic structure without any obvious function; it was even considered to be a surgical nuisance. Nowadays, the most reported application of the BFP is the closure of oroantral communications. In this chapter, different aspects of the BFP such as its applications, a...

Clinical and radiological aspects of 86 patients with oro-antral fistulae were studied and two commonly employed methods of repair were compared. Fistulae were found to be twice as common in males as in females. The highest frequency was recorded in the fourth decade (41%), and the commonest site was the first molar region (49%). All patients had antral infection which is attributed to the long...

Vesicouterine fistulae (VUF) comprise 2-9% of all cases of urogenital fistulae. Only 5% of patients respond to conservative management, whereas other patients require definitive surgical repair (1). Although laparoscopy provides better visualization through magnification, this technique is difficult to learn. We hypothesized that the experience gained through other pelvic laparoscopic procedure...

Spontaneous vertebral arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1) is a rare occurrence in the previous reports. We presented two female NF-1 patients with a diagnosis of cervical vertebral AVF treated with endovascular approach. The fistula in the first case was successfully obliterated by feeder occlusion; whereas, for the second one, new fistulae were formed f...

Eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed cutaneous fistulae adjacent to affected joints. Rheumatoid factor was positive in eight patients; subcutaneous nodules were noted in seven. Two patients had features of rheumatoid vasculitis. A spectrum of syndrome characterized by cutaneous fistulae was observed. Three patients showed classical fistulous rheumatism. Four patients developed sep...

We experienced the surgical repair of an extremely rare pulmonary artery dissection without pulmonary hypertension. The patient had multiple coronary-pulmonary artery fistulae, which presumably caused pulmonary artery dissection. The surgical treatment included the closure of the multiple coronary fistulae and the resection of the intimal flap in the main pulmonary artery. The patient recovered...