OBJECTIVE To assess the degree of poisoning in farmers using the erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) test before and after the exposure to pesticides in townships in central Benin (Glazoué and Savè) and to identify the associated risk factors. METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design, we recruited 264 farm pesticide sprayers, who have been working for at least 5 years. They completed ...

Chlorpyrifos is a pesticide, member of the organophosphate class, widely used in several countries to manage insect pests on many agricultural crops. Currently, chlorpyrifos health risks are being reevaluated due to possible adverse effects, especially on the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible action of this pesticide on the behaviors related to anxiet...

Methyl parathion (MP) is a very toxic organophosphate pesticide used as a non-systematic insecticide and acaricide on many corps. As MP and its by-products are highly toxic, they have to be retained to avoid pollution of rivers and lakes. Highly efficient sorbents are hydrotalcites (HTs) (or anionic clays). We have correlated the degradation of an aqueous solution of MP at room temperature, wit...

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a widely used enzyme for inhibition-based biosensors in pesticide residues detection, lags due to multiple-step operation, time-consuming incubation and reactivation/regeneration steps. Herein, this endeavour reports the development of Organophosphate Hydrolase (OPH), which has functional superiority over AChE explored on-spot biosensing device organophosphate resid...

With regard to detection of exposure to anticholinesterase, the presently used methods have the disadvantage that they cannot detect either low-level exposures with certainty or the structure of the agent and the extent of poisoning. In principle, organophosphate-inhibited butyrylcholinesterase in human plasma is the most persistent and abundant source for biomonitoring of exposure to organopho...

BACKGROUND Chlorpyrifos is one of the most widely used organophosphate insecticides in the United States. Although the toxicity of chlorpyrifos has been extensively studied in animals, the epidemiologic data are limited. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether agricultural chlorpyrifos exposure was associated with mortality, we examined deaths among pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Stud...

A birth cohort was begun to investigate the levels and sources of pesticide exposure in pregnant women living in Thailand, and to examine the effects of pesticide exposure on infant neurodevelopment at five months of age. Subjects were interviewed using questionnaires regarding their demographic characteristics, educational background, and work and home activities related to pesticide exposures...

The extensive use of pesticides to control agricultural pests poses a serious threat to many non-target organisms of the aquatic environment such as the freshwater crab, B. guerini. The deleterious influence of the pesticide causes physiological, biochemical, histological and such other disorders in the animal exposed. In the present study impact of an organophosphate pesticide, monocrotophos a...

BACKGROUND Organophosphate pesticides act as cholinesterase inhibitors. For those with agricultural exposure to these chemicals, risk of potential exposure-related health effects may be modified by genetic variability in cholinesterase metabolism. Cholinesterase activity is a useful, indirect measurement of pesticide exposure, especially in high-risk individuals such as farmworkers. To understa...

The conventional analysis of pesticide residues in analytical commodities, such as tobacco and tobacco products is a labor intensive procedure, since it is necessary to cover a wide range of different chemicals, using a single procedure. Standard analysis methods include extensive sample pretreatment (with solvent extraction and partitioning phases) and determination by GC and HPLC to achieve t...