Water treatment is a series of physio-chemical processes to aid organic matter (OM) removal, which helps to minimise the formation of potentially carcinogenic disinfection by-products and microbial regrowth. Changes in OM character through the treatment processes can provide insight into the treatment efficiency, but radiogenic isotopic characterisation techniques have yet to be applied. Here, ...

Lakes Dianchi (DC) and Bosten (BST) were determined to be at different stages of eutrophication, by use of total organic carbon content, bulk carbon isotopic composition, bulk nitrogen isotopic composition, and bound saturated fatty acid (BSFA) concentrations in sediment cores. A rapid increase in the supply of organic matter (OM) to DC began after the 1950s, while the environment and trophic s...

Effects of sodium hydroxide treatment on intake and digestion of straw organic matter (OM), and microbial protein synthesis were examined in comparison with untreated and treated straws. Intakes (kg dry matter (DM)/d) of untreated, NaOH- and sodium carbonate-treated straws were 5.21, 7.04 and 6.48 respectively and intakes (kg/d) of digestible organic matter (DOM) for the respective diets were 2...

Background & Aims of the Study: Considering the importance of solid waste disposal and the possibility of conversion them into rich organic fertilizers, the objectives of this study were to evaluation of effect of vermicomposting process (VP) on organic matter of cattle manure compost (CMC) and municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) by record changes of the elemental contents of C, N, H, S, and O...

The extent of digestion of high fibre spear grass (Heteropogon contortus) hay by sheep was examined to determine the factors which limit its utilization. The mean organic matter (OM) intake (22 g/kgu.'3/day) and digestibility (39%) were low and all animals were in negative energy and nitrogen balance. Mean retention time in the rumen for the liquid phase marker (Cr-EDTA) was long (17.9 hours) a...

Sorption of atrazine on soils subjected to three different organic amendments was measured using a batch equilibrium technique. A higher K(F) value (2.20 kg(-1)(mg L(-1))(-N)) was obtained for soil fertilized with compost, which had a higher organic matter (OM) content. A correlation between the K(FOC) values and the percentage of aromatic carbon in OM was observed. The highest K(FOC) value was...

Sewage sludge constitute an important by-product of municipal wastewater treatment plants. Their production has grown exponentially during the last decade and was estimated at more than 9 million tons of dry matter in Europe in 2013. Sustainable valorization or disposal options involve direct amendment for crop production or composting. A step of drying is commonly used before, which aims at sa...

Composting is considered to be a primary treatment method for livestock manure and rice straw, and high degree of maturity is a prerequisite for safe land application of the composting products. In this study pilot-scale experiments were carried out to characterize the co-composting process of livestock manure with rice straw, as well as to establish a maturity evaluation index system for the c...

This study aims to investigate the depth distribution of the Nitrate Reduction Potential (NRP) on a natural and a re-established wetland. The obtained NRP provides a valuable data of the driving factors affecting denitrification, the Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium (DNRA) process and the performance of a re-established wetland. Intact soil cores were collected and divided in slices ...