The study of BCK-algebras was initiated by Iséki [7] as a generalization of the concept of set-theoretic difference and propositional calculus. Iséki posed an interesting problem; whether the class of BCK-algebras is a variety. In connection with this problem Komori introduced in [9] a notion of BCC-algebra which is a generalization of a BCK-algebra and proved that the class of all BCC-algebras...

In this article an “hyper-reduced” scheme for the Crisfield’s algorithm (Crisfield, 1981) applied to buckling simulations and plastic instabilities is presented. The two linear systems ellipse equation entering are projected on a reduced space solved in integration domain, resulting system of equations. Use made Gappy proper orthogonal decomposition recover stresses outside domain. Various meth...

hyper-igm syndromes are characterized by profound reduction of serum igg, iga, and ige levels with normal or increased concentrations of serum igm. cd40 ligand deficiency is x-linked form of the disease, which results in a lack of immunoglobulin class switching from igm to igg in b cells. in addition to the recurrent infections, a number of patients suffer from neutropenia. there are some evide...

Necessary conditions are obtained for certain types of rational delay differential equations to admit a non-rational meromorphic solution of hyper-order less than one. The equations obtained include delay Painlevé equations and equations solved by elliptic functions.

Background: Many mechanical experiments in plasticity-induced fatigue are prepared by the recourse to finite element simulations. Usual simulation outputs, like local stress estimations or lifetime predictions, are useful to choose boundary conditions and the shape of a specimen. In practice, many other numerical data are also generated by these simulations. But unfortunately, these data are ig...

We show that adequate semantics can be provided for imperative higher order concurrent languages simply using syntactical nal coalgebras. In particular we investigate and compare various behavioural equivalences on higher order processes deened by nality using hyper-sets and c.m.s.'s. Correspondingly, we derive various coinduction and mixed induction-coinduction proof principles for establishin...

We find conditions on the order on subsets of a finite set which are necessary and sufficient for the relative ranking of any two subsets in this order to be determined by their extreme elements relative to an abstract convex geometry. It turns out that this question is closely related to the rationalisability of path independent choice functions by hyper-relations.

In this article, we study the existence of non-trivial subnormal solutions for second-order linear differential equations. We show that under certain conditions some differential equations do not have subnormal solutions, also that the hyper-order of every solution equals one.