Precise growth cone guidance is the consequence of a continuous reorganization of actin filament structures within filopodia and lamellipodia in response to inhibitory and promoting cues. The small GTPases rac1, cdc42, and rhoA are critical for regulating distinct actin structures in non-neuronal cells and presumably in growth cones. Collapse, a retraction of filopodia and lamellipodia, is a ty...

Growth cones of chick sensory ganglion neurons in tissue culture were photographed at 60-sec intervals as they advanced over the substratum. Numbers of microspikes (or "filopodia") were recorded together with the time and position of their appearance, their rate of elongation, their lateral movements, their lifespan, and the position and manner of their disappearance. All microspikes go through...

Synaptic terminals of cones (pedicles) are presynaptic to numerous processes that arise from the dendrites of many types of bipolar cell. One kind of process, a central element, reaches deeply into invaginations of the cone pedicle just below an active zone associated with a synaptic ribbon. By reconstruction from serial electron micrographs, we show that L- and M-cone pedicles in macaque fovea...

in this paper, we investigate the continuity of linear and sublinear correspondences defined on cones in normed spaces. we also generalize some known results for sublinear correspondences.

To study the L- and M-cone pathways and their interactions in patients with Best's macular dystrophy (BMD), ERG response thresholds were measured to stimuli which modulated exclusively the L- or the M-cones, or both in various combinations. The ERG threshold data could be described with a vector addition model. Compared with normals, BMD patients showed generally larger amplitudes of the L-cone...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the usefulness of p16(INK4a) (p16) and Ki-67 staining in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2) biopsies in order to predict CIN3 results in cone specimens, thereby sparing those not likely at risk for CIN3 from unnecessary cone excision. STUDY DESIGN We retrospectively recruited patients with CIN2 colposcopy-directed biopsy treated by loop electrosurgical ...

In this paper, using Clarke’s generalized directional derivative and dI-invexity we introduce new concepts of nonsmooth K-α-dI-invex and generalized type I univex functions over cones for a nonsmooth vector optimization problem with cone constraints. We obtain some sufficient optimality conditions and Mond-Weir type duality results under the foresaid generalized invexity and type I cone-univexi...

In this paper, we prove some properties of algebraic cone metric spaces and introduce the notion of algebraic distance in an algebraic cone metric space. As an application, we obtain some famous fixed point results in the framework of this algebraic distance.

Many experimental measurements support the hypothesis that the middle temporal visual area (MT) of the rhesus monkey has a central role in processing visual motion. Most of these studies were performed using luminance stimuli, leaving open the question of how color information is used during motion processing. We investigated the specific question of how S-cone signals, an important source of c...

Recently, Choudhury and Metiya [Fixed points of weak contractions in cone metric spaces, Nonlinear Analysis 72 (2010) 1589-1593] proved some fixed point theorems for weak contractions in cone metric spaces. Weak contractions are generalizations of the Banach's contraction mapping, which have been studied by several authors. In this paper, we introduce the notion of $f$-weak contractions and als...