The optimum Runge-Kutta method of a particular order is the one whose truncation error is a minimum. Various measures of the size of the truncation error are considered. The optimum method is practically independent of the measure being used. Moreover, among methods of the same order which one might consider using the difference in size of the estimated error is not more than a factor of 2 or 3...

H E preceding paper by DEMPSTER and LERNER has presented the results T obtained in the determination of expected genetic gains in egg production under different age compositions of a breeding flock. In it the theoretical and practical consequences of following a given breeding plan were emphasized but the statistical model on which the computations were based was not presented. The purpose of t...

We have developed a 1:30000 winding ratio cryogenic current comparator (CCC) for measurement of small currents, e.g., generated by a single electron transport device. A dedicated low-noise SQUID is used for the readout, which allows reaching a sensitivity close to ideal, that is without loss of sensitivity in the flux transformer coupling the CCC and the SQUID. The CCC-SQUID equivalent current ...

Three radially symmetric and two first order rotational test targets were systematically tested for sensitivity and orthogonality by observing the change in the onaxis image intensity from the unaberrated cases in the presence of 0.05 waves peak of the corresponding 5 aberrations. The results are shown in Figure 4. Here each column corresponds to one of the test targets and each row corresponds...

This paper considers the optimum method for locating a sync word periodically imbedded in binary data and received over the additive white Gaussian noise channel. It is shown that the optimum rule is to select the location that maximizes the sum of the correlation and a correction term. Simulations are reported that show approximately a 3-dB improvement at interesting signal-tonoise ratios comp...

One of the most important crops Mediterranean, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), is almost exclusively established through seedlings. For many years, agronomists, nurseries, and farmers have aimed to produce use high-quality seedlings for better growth in field. However, seedling quality has not been examined as what defines subsequent plant, flower, fruit development, extent. Our aim was test wh...

In many situations, it may be more economical to use a used unit than to do a new one. This paper considers an age replacement policy and a periodic replacement policy with minimal repair at failure for a used unit of age x. We discuss optimum replacement policies which minimize the expected cost rates for a specified age x. Further, we obtain an upper bound of an optimum time for an age replac...

Suppose that we have L messages coded by a prefix code (over an alphabet M with m letters) having a minimum weighted length. The problem addressed in this paper is the following: How to find s codewords for new messages so that by leaving unchanged the codification of the first L messages (by compatibility reasons), the resulting extended code is still prefix (over M) and has a minimum weighted...

The concept of rejection is extended to that of class-selective rejection. That is, when an input pattern cannot be reliably assigned to one of the N classes in a N-class problem, it is assigned to a subset of classes that are most likely to issue the pattern, instead of simply rejecting the pattern. First, a new optimality criterion is appropriately deened to accommodate the newly introduced d...

Preface In 1963 two students at the Technical University of Berlin met and were soon to collaborate on experiments which used the wind tunnel of the Institute of Flow Engineering. During the search for the optimal shapes of bodies in a ow, which w as then a matter of laborious intuitive experimentation, the idea was conceived of proceeding strategically. However, attempts with the coordinate an...