To the Editor, The Indian Medical Gazette Sir,?Having read with much interest the contribution in the current number of the Indian Medical Gazette by Lieutenant-Colonel R. N. Chopra and Dr. J. P. Bose entitled ' Psychological Aspects of Opium Addiction', may I be allowed to call the attention of these authors to recent studies in the treatment of the opium and morphia habit with insulin? In the...

We investigated the effect of high spinal anesthesia on postoperative delirium in opium dependent patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The study was conducted in a tertiary referral university hospital on a population of 60 opium dependent patients undergoing CABG surgery. Patients were divided into two groups based on anesthesia protocol. One group were given general ane...

The goal of this study was to compare the effects of 1, 3 and 8 mg per day doses of buprenorphine in the maintenance treatment of opium-dependent subjects in Iran over a treatment period of 12 months. Participants were randomized to three equal groups (171 subjects per group) of opium-dependent individuals who met the DSM-IV criteria for opioid dependence and were seeking treatment. They were t...

Poppy, a plant belonging to the papaveraceae family, is source of opium.It that blooms. It has sedative, somniferous, and neurotoxic properties in addition being cerebrally poisonous. Due its nature, opium causes variety adverse effects, including anxiety, seizures, hallucinations, sleepiness, giddiness, many more. In order create various types analgesic medications cure pain promote sleep, thi...

IN the January, 1872, number of the Indian Medical Gazette is an article on "Opium," written by Dr. Moore, wherein that gentleman states that, from personal observation, he arrives at the conclusion, " that opium-eating when moderately indulged in?as it generally is?produces no decided or even appreciable ill effect." Moreover, that the use of opium, under certain circumstances, is beneficial. ...

BACKGROUND Opiates are the main drugs of abuse, and Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) is the most widely administered drug addiction treatment program in Iran. Our study aimed to investigate patterns of pre-treatment drug abuse, addiction treatment history and characteristics of patients in MMT in Tehran. METHODS We applied a stratified cluster random sampling technique and conducted a cr...

In times of conflict, an adversary’s resources are a source of potential harm. Many geopolitical tactics are, thus, quite explicitly economic, as they seek either to deter an adversary’s worst intentions or reduce its capacity to inflict damage (Richardson 1960; Tullock 1974). Relevant policies include trade-limiting sanctions (Galtung 1967; Pape 1997) and direct attacks on an adversary’s milit...

This study examines India and Turkey as case studies relevant to the Senlis Council’s ‘poppies for medicine’ proposal. The proposal is that Afghan farmers are licensed to produce opium for medical and scientific purposes. Here it is posited that the Senlis proposal neglects at least three key lessons from the Turkish and Indian experiences. First, not enough weight has been given to diversion f...