This paper concerns the reflex effects on the heart of the application of traction to the extrinsic muscles of the eye. Relevant medical literature is reviewed, and a controlled investigation of the value of muscle relaxant drugs in the prevention of untoward vagal activity during eye surgery is described. Gallamine is shown to provide considerable protection by reason of its vagal-blocking act...

The anterior segment of the eye ball, i. e., cornea and conjunctiva, serves as the barrier to the external stimuli. Cornea is transparent and is a "window"of the light sense, while conjunctiva covers the sclera, the main part of the eyeshell. Fibrosis/scarring in cornea potentially impairs vision by the reduction of its transparency and the alteration of the regular curvature. Fibrotic reaction...

PURPOSE To compare indication criteria, intra- and postoperative complications, visual outcomes and time interval between the first and second eye surgery (phacoemulsification). METHODS Prospective study was done in 96 eyes of patients who underwent bilateral consecutive phacoemulsification surgery, performed by a third-year ophthalmology resident. An established protocol was filled out befor...

This case report describes the airway management of three month old child presenting with a severe facial congenital malformation, a bilateral Tessier number 4 cleft, and scheduled to undergo benign eye surgery. The use of a conventional laryngeal mask allowed successful management, despite the severity of the facial abnormality. This case is then discussed at the light of the literature.

LASIK eye surgery has become a very common practice for myopic people, especially those in the military. Sometimes undertaken by people who need to keep a specific medical aptitude, this surgery could be performed in secret from the hierarchy and from the institute medical staff. However, even though the eyes have been previously described as one of the most sensitive organs to electromagnetic ...

Patients with glaucoma and glaucoma suspects encompass a large group of individuals—up to 5% of the population over the age of 40 years, and an even higher prevalence in older age groups. With aging of the Canadian population, the number of affected individuals with glaucoma or glaucoma suspects is expected to increase dramatically, placing significant stresses on the resources devoted to eye c...

OBJECTIVES Surgery duration is a source of preoperative anxiety for patients undergoing cataract surgery. To better inform patients, we evaluated the agreement between objective and patient-perceived surgery durations. DESIGN Case series. SETTING Public teaching university hospital (Paris, France). PARTICIPANTS During the study period, 368 cataract surgery cases performed on 285 patients ...

OBJECTIVE To study the postoperative visual function and uptake of refraction and second-eye surgery among persons undergoing cataract surgery in rural China. METHODS Self-reported visual function was measured 10 to 14 months after surgery. Subjects with improvement of 2 or more lines with refraction were offered glasses, and those with significant cataract were offered second-eye surgery. ...

Profound bradycardia during eye surgery is a potentially serious event. In clinical practice oculo-cardiac reflex (OCR) is most often encountered during squint surgery. The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of OCR and prove the effect of ketamine as an induction drug and anticholinergic premedication (atropine) to prevent OCR. This study comprised 90 patients (aged 4-10 years...

CARDIAC arrest is a frightening complication which may confront a surgeon at any operation. It is fortunate that it is relatively uncommon, but there is a danger of false security. Eye surgeons face this complication less frequently than general or thoracic surgeons, but few ofthose who have practised for many years have not met cases of actual or threatened cardiac arrest. Kirsch, Samet, Kugel...