In this chapter the fundamental aspects involved in biological treatment processes applied for the removal of nitrogen from wastewaters are described. A comprehensive review of the literature is provided including kinetic, microbiological and biochemical aspects of nitrification, denitrification and anammox, as well as key operational parameters affecting the processes. This information is rele...

We study the control reachability problem in the Dolev-Yao model of cryptographic protocols when principals are represented by tail recursive processes with generated names. We propose a conservative approximation of the problem by reduction to a non-standard collapsed operational semantics and we introduce checkable syntactic conditions entailing the equivalence of the standard and the collaps...

This paper aims to present the different aspects and characteristics of strategic and operational information and propose a categorization pattern allowing to consider an information as strategic or operational. This categorization is to be used in the two decision making processes to assist its mining, and usage by the two related decision support systems. This is conducted trough the results ...

An operational and a denotational semantics are presented for a simple imperative language. The main feature of the language is second order communication: sending and receiving of statements rather than values. The operational semantics is based on a transition system. A complete 1-bounded ultramet-ric space is used in the denotational semantics. In establishing the connection between the two ...

In today’s economy managers expect new strategies and policies to be implemented quickly. Yet practice shows that current systems are not able to implement changes within a short time frame. Nowadays a variety of technologies including semantic web services, business rules and software agents are available as building blocks for interoperable systems. Yet these technologies are rarely used in c...

AWN is a process algebra developed for modelling and analysing protocols for Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) and Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) [2, §4]. AWN models comprise five distinct layers: sequential processes, local parallel compositions, nodes, partial networks, and complete networks. This development mechanises the original operational semantics of AWN and introduces a variant ‘open’ op...

For knowledge management to be of use in an organization, it should be seamlessly incorporated in everyday business activities. Large parts of an organizations activities, especially on the operational level, are structured around business processes. Therefore, knowledge management needs to be integrated with these processes, which means that a computerized system that supports business process...

This paper describes a combination of simulation and knowledge based assessment models used in the operational analysis of future space transportation systems. The model uses knowledge based logic as estimating relationships combined with a process database to estimate the appropriate ground processes, their duration, and their variability. The developed process model is used to populate a simu...

We present kell-m, an asynchronous higher-order process algebra with hierarchical localities. The main focus of this report is on the operational semantics and behavioural equivalences for kell-m. The operational semantics determine how systems represented using kell-m evolve; the behavioural equivalences determine what it means for two kell-m processes to behave similarly. We also present and ...