Developing oocytes, ranging from approximately 0.1 to 1.0 mm in diameter, in Necturus were studied with the electron microscope. The outer layer of the nuclear envelope is actively engaged in the formation of vesicular elements along most of its surface, especially in smaller oocytes. Groups of vesicles appear to be released into the ooplasm at about the same time, resulting in long chains of i...

Immunolocalization studies in epithelial cells revealed myo6 was associated with peripherally located vesicles that contained the transferrin receptor. Pulse-chase experiments after transferrin uptake showed that these vesicles were newly uncoated endocytic vesicles and that myo6 was recruited to these vesicles immediately after uncoating. GIPC, a putative myo6 tail binding protein, was also pr...

Variations in the size of vesicles formed by extrusion through small pores are discussed in terms of a simple model. Our model predicts that the radius should decrease as the square root of the applied pressure, consistent with data for vesicles extruded under various conditions. The model also predicts dependencies on the pore size used and on the lysis tension of the vesicles being extruded t...

Alpha-synuclein is a neuronal protein implicated both in synaptic transmission and in neurodegenerative diseases. Although it is evident that this protein is enriched in the presynaptic terminals of neurons, localization in synaptic vesicles has not been conclusively determined. Here, we show that alpha-synuclein is present, but not enriched, in synaptic vesicles using highly purified synaptic ...

ABSTRACT We analyzed the mechanisms underlying enhanced IgA production in cells of Peyer's patch via membrane vesicles derived from Lactobacillus sakei subsp. NBRC 15893. Depletion CD11c+ suppressed mediated by vesicles. Meanwhile, stimulation bone-marrow–derived dendritic with increased gene expression inducible nitric oxide synthase, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2, and several inflammatory cyt...

Antigen delivery has always been a challenge in scientific practice of vaccine formulation. Yet, mammalian extracellular vesicles (EVs) or bacterial membrane (MVs) provide an innovative avenue for safe and effective antigenic material. They include intrinsically loaded antigens from EV-secreting cells extrinsically onto pre-formed vesicles. Interestingly, many studies shed light on potential no...

We have applied agarose gel electrophoresis as a novel step in the purification of clathrincoated vesicles . Preparations of coated vesicles obtained by sedimentation velocity and isopycnic centrifugation are resolved into two distinct fractions upon electrophoresis . The slower migrating fraction contains smooth vesicles, whereas the faster contains only coated vesicles and empty clathrin coat...

background: previous studies have shown that morphine consumption during pregnancy may cause delay or defect of embryo development or abnormal nervous system function in the human and animal models. in the present study, the highest density of morphine accumulation in the central nervous system of rat embryos was evaluated using c14‑morphine. methods: female wistar rats (w 170‑200 g) used and w...