BACKGROUND The pathogenicity of staphylococcus aureus is dependent largely upon its ability to secrete a number of virulence factors, therefore, anti-virulence strategy to combat S. aureus-mediated infections is now gaining great interest. It is widely recognized that some plant essential oils could affect the production of staphylococcal exotoxins when used at subinhibitory concentrations. Per...

Cunningham is vice president in charge of the regional section of the Atlanta Fed's research department. Mancuso is an analyst in the regional section. They thank Jimmy Stone of Stone Energy, David Guidry of Guico Machine Works, and Frank King and Will Roberds for insightful discussion and comments. Shocks are mostly of concern when the potential outcome is bad. The most infamous example of a n...

Using three recent panel unit root methodologies, we strongly reject the unit root hypothesis for real per capita income for the 48 contiguous states from 1929 to 1995. The rate of convergence is sensitive to assumptions of the heterogeneity of the intercept, first order autoregressive coefficients, lag length and accommodating for a trend break after the 1973 oil shock.  2000 Elsevier Science...

Given the effects of inflation on the decline of household welfare and its impact on production and investment, identifying the factors affecting it in order to adjust inflation and achieve price stability is necessary. Therefore, using the TVP-FAVAR model, which differentiates the fluctuations in factors affecting inflation, we try to identify the effects of different shocks such as liquidity,...

In this paper, the effects of oil and gold prices on stock market index are investigated. We use a cointegrated vector autoregressive Markov-switching model to examine the nonlinear properties of these three variables during the period of January 2003 - December 2014. The Markov-switching vector-equilibrium-correction model with three regimes representing "deep recession", "mild recession" and ...

This study examines the nexus between oil prices (Oil) and economic output (IIP) asymmetrically in Indian context using quarterly data from 1996–1997:Q1 to 2019–2020:Q4. To this end, we have used a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. The main findings of are as follows—firstly, Wald test confirms nonlinearities among negative positive shocks Oil, EX IR long run. Secondly, NA...

Xenon derivatisation is classically performed with hydrophilic additives (e.g. glycerol) to prevent nucleation of ice when the cryoprotectant buffer containing the crystal is flash cooled. The difficulties of obtaining a suitable cryoprotectant buffer, in which crystals are stable for a period of several minutes are, however, rarely reported. Crystals of porcine pancreatic elastase have been us...

The paper investigates the macroeconomic and financial effects of oil prices shocks in the euro area since its creation in 1999, with a special focus on the recent slump. The analysis is carried out episode by episode, within a time-varying parameter framework, consistent with the view that "not all the oil price shocks are alike", yet without imposing any a priori identification assumption. We...

The antifungal activity, kinetics, and molecular mechanism of action of garlic oil against Candida albicans were investigated in this study using multiple methods. Using the poisoned food technique, we determined that the minimum inhibitory concentration of garlic oil was 0.35 μg/mL. Observation by transmission electron microscopy indicated that garlic oil could penetrate the cellular membrane ...

Long chain n-3 fatty acids are beneficial to mammals because of their anti-inflammatory role. However, whether flaxseed oil, which is rich in short chain n-3 fatty acids, has such a role, it has not been extensively examined. This study investigated the supplementation of flaxseed oil on the regulation of genes involved in inflammatory responses such as heat shock proteins (HSP90 and HSP70) and...