Millions of people are killed or wounded by small arms each year. The aim of this study is to enhance our understanding of “missing” arms trade across countries. We proceed in two steps. First, we measure the extent of missing arms trade on the basis of official trade statistics. We construct a measure of the gap in arms trade based on the discrepancy between the value of arms exports reported ...

This paper performs an empirical investigation into the relationship between oil price and stock markets returns for seven countries (Kuwait, Oman, UAE, Bahrain, Qatar, UK and USA) by applying the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) analysis. During this period oil prices have tripled creating a substantial cash surplus for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries while simultaneously creating inc...

This study aims to determine the factors that influence essential oil exports United States from Central Java Province. The independent variables contained in this are export price of Province, exchange rate, GDP importing country (U.S.). In contrast, dependent variable is volume type research a descriptive with quantitative approach. data used annual time series 1990-2019 30 data. conduct thro...

Abstract As Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues, more and people are calling for a ban on Russian energy imports. The proponents argue that abstaining from importing billions worth coal, oil gas will further increase the pressure Kremlin. Critics, however, including German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, warn what they believe to be incalculable consequences, with supply being particularly at risk. ...

This paper investigates the link between exporting and importing activities and firm performance using a rich dataset on Egyptian and Moroccan firms. We test the export premium, self-selection and learning-by-exporting hypotheses using a number of firm characteristics. Our analysis also includes importing activities as a source of learning and considers their effects on productivity changes. A ...

The Latin American Calculators in Mathematics Education Project (PLACEM) is experimenting with the use of calculators in mathematics teaching in seven Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico and Venezuela. PLACEM has received calculators and some financial support from Texas Instruments. There has been only minor resistance to calculator use, and...

The international trade in animals and animal products has become a sensitive issue for both developed and developing countries by posing an important risk for the international spread of animal and human pathogens whilst at the same time being an essential activity to ensure world-wide food security and food safety. The African Continent faces unique problems and obstacles to enter internation...

We develop a model of endogenous quality choice and trade that combines non-iceberg trade costs and non-homothetic preferences to capture the effect of importer-exporter income differences on geographic variation in quality and export prices. The differences in income substantially alter the effect of trade costs on quality. The incentive to trade high quality goods given high trade costs (the ...