Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) is a significant oxidant in atmospheric condensed phases (e.g., cloud and fog drops, aqueous particles, and snow) that also photolyzes to form hydroxyl radical ( q OH). q OH can react with organics in aqueous phases to form organic peroxyl radicals and ultimately reform HOOH, but the efficiency of this process in atmospheric aqueous phases, as well as snow and ice, is n...

An efficient and simple procedure for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes from the aromatic aldehydes and 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione (dimedone) in the presence of boric acid [BO3H3 or B(OH)3] as an inexpensive and reusable catalyst is described. The salient features of this methodology are: the elimination of corrosive liquid acids, high yields, simple methodology, short reacti...

Protonation of the reactive intermediate produced in the  reaction between trimethyl phosphite and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate by resorcinol, 5-methylresorcinol, 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone, 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethy-lphenol, 4-hydroxypyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine, 3-hydroxypyridine, or 8-hydroxyquinoline leads to vinylphosphonium salts,...

A complete understanding of the toxicological behavior of quantum dots (QDs) in vivo is of great importance and a prerequisite for their application in humans. In contrast with the numerous cytotoxicity studies investigating QDs, only a few in vivo studies of QDs have been reported, and the issue remains controversial. Our study aimed to understand QD-mediated toxicity across different time poi...

An organ-specific invertase deficiency affecting only the primary root system is described in the Oh 43 inbred maize (Zea mays). Invertases (acid and neutral/soluble and insoluble) were assayed in various tissues of hybrid (NK 508) and inbred (Oh 43, W 22) maize lines to determine the basis for an early report that Oh 43 root tips were unable to grow on sucrose agar (27). Substantial acid inver...

Nitrous acid (HONO) is a key precursor to the principal atmospheric oxidant OH. HONO measurements during solar eclipse show little variation, implying main sources are photolytic, approximately balancing removal through photolysis.

Superhydrophobic surfaces were prepared using a two-step method that involved the etching of AZ31 and AZ91 magnesium alloys then modifying etched with stearic acid. Magnesium ZnCl2 SnCl2 exhibited roughened micro- nanoscale hierarchical structures consisting two chemically distinct regions (Zn/Zn(OH)2 or Sn/SnO2 Mg(OH)2). An optimum time ten minutes was chosen for both etchants. highest contact...

Fluorescent probe produced in scavenging reaction of OH by Coumarin-3-carboxyl acid (CCA) can be measured sensitively. It was aimed to apply CCA solution to estimation of the dependence of the OH yield on LET and scavenging time. Heavy ions of energies up to 28GeV from HIMAC were taken for irradiation.

By adopting a ligand-based solid solution approach, the sulphonic acid functional group can be successfully incorporated into a porous coordination polymer with UiO-66 structure type. Zr(6)O(4)(OH)(4)(BDC-SO(3)H)(1.1)(BDC)(4.9) possesses enhanced heat of adsorption for carbon dioxide and acetone compared to Zr(6)O(4)(OH)(4)(BDC)(6).