The scale of CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicle (LDV) fleets worldwide has led governments to mandate substantive improvements in fuel economy, thereby mitigating climate change. Raising the Research Octane Number (RON) through isomerization, alongside mandates recalibrate existing LDV engines, promises contribute substantially action. This study aimed develop a highly efficient adsorption s...

Oil-in-oil emulsions provide a unique platform for numerous applications not compatible with water or aqueous systems. However, the limited types and complicated synthesis process of surfactants are problematic. Here, we put forward simple, yet powerful strategy to stabilize oil–oil interface, then prepare oil-in-oil emulsions, by using co-assembly polar molecular brushes nonpolar oligomeric li...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(18)H(26)N(2) (2+)·2Br(-)·2H(2)O, consists of one-half of the organic cation, one Br(-) anion and one water mol-ecule. The organic cation is situated on a centre of inversion. The dihedral angle between the pyridine ring and the plane of the central linkage is 59.3 (1)°. The cations, anions and water mol-ecules are linked via O-H⋯Br, C-H⋯Br and C-H⋯O ...

Homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion is spontaneous multi-site combustion of a nominally premixed air/fuel mixture that exhibits high rate of pressure rise and short combustion duration. To avoid excessive pressure rise rate and knocking, HCCI engines are fueled with highly diluted mixture using a combination of excess air and/or EGR. HCCI combustion is attractive due to ...

the present study investigated comparatively the impact of two types of input enhancement (i.e. textual vs. compound enhancement) on developing grammar ability in iranian efl setting. sixty-five female secondary high school students were selected as a homogenous sample out of about a 100-member population based on nelson language proficiency test. then, their grammar ability was measured based ...

BACKGROUND Enzymes are often used in organic solvents for catalyzing organic synthesis. Two enzyme preparations, EPRP (enzyme precipitated and rinsed with n-propanol) and PCMC (protein coated microcrystals) show much higher activities than lyophilized powders in such systems. Both preparations involve precipitation by an organic solvent. The clear understanding of why these preparations show hi...

Lead is currently banned from most gasoline because it is harmful to humans. While aviation gasoline still contains lead, this may change in the near future due to increased regulation in the interest of public safety. This has created a research opportunity to verify that new unleaded aviation fuels are compatible with equipment currently in use. The Cooperative Fuels Research (CFR) engine is ...

A pentacobalt(II) cluster based 3D pcu network, [Co(5)(μ(3)-OH)(2)(bpdc)(4)(dabco)(H(2)O)(2)] (bpdc = benzophenone-2,4'-dicarboxylate and dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2] octane), exhibiting both slow magnetic relaxation and hysteresis behavior, has been hydrothermally synthesized.

We apply to the primary reference fuels n-heptane and iso-octane the chemistry-guided reduction (CGR) formalism for generating kinetic hydrocarbon oxidation models. The approach is based on chemical lumping and species removal with the necessity analysis method. We demonstrate that the lumping technique can be applied to the branched peroxy radical isomers formed by iso-octane oxidation with mi...

The separation of alkanes, particularly monobranched and dibranched isomers, is paramount importance in the petrochemical industry for optimizing feedstock ethylene production as well upgrading octane number gasoline. Here, we report full linear/monobranched alkanes from their isomers by a robust easily scalable metal-organic framework material, Co3(HCOO)6. compound completely excludes but adso...