Background Since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori, several clinical reports have demonstrated that H. Pylori infection has emerged as a new cause of refractory iron stores in children. We carried out a systematic literature review to primarily evaluate the existing evidence on the association between childhood H. Pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and secondly, to investigat...

Background and Objective: Hearing loss as a sensory disorder is among the most common developmental disorders. Based on the universal neonatal screening results, the incidence of hearing deficit is 1–3 per 1000 live births in the well-baby nursery population and 2–4 in 100 newborns in the intensive care community. The aim of this study was to highlight the main risk factors for hearing loss bas...

This paper uses the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data collected in 1992-93 to estimate the determinants of child (aged 6 to 14) enrollment and educational attainment of a recent cohort (aged 15 to 19) in India. The analysis produces five major results. First, using an index of assets as a proxy for household wealth shows enormous gaps between the enrollment and attainment of children fr...

This paper introduces a class of graphs deened as the models of a peculiar kind of linear bounded machines that read their input performing all computations on work tapes. It is proven that this class is closed, up to observational equivalence, under synchronized product. The rst{order theory of these graphs is investegated and shown to be undecidable. The latter result extends to any logic in ...

background: it is hypothesized that poor zinc nutritional status is associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer (ec), but current evidence is contradictory. since some factors may influence zinc absorption, its status may be better evaluated thorough biomarkers. the objectives of this study were to perform a systematic review on the association of zinc biomarkers with ec in observati...

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) stresses the examination of evidence from clinical research and describes it as a shift in medical paradigms, in contrast to intuition, unsystematic clinical experience, and pathophysiologic rationale. While the importance of randomized trials has been created by the concept of the hierarchy of evidence in guiding therapy, much of the medical research is observatio...

The propensity score is defined as a subject's probability of treatment selection, conditional on observed baseline covariates. Weighting subjects by the inverse probability of treatment received creates a synthetic sample in which treatment assignment is independent of measured baseline covariates. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score allows one to obtai...

The propensity score is defined as the probability of each individual study subject being assigned to a group of interest for comparison purposes. Propensity score adjustment is a method of ensuring an even distribution of confounders between groups, thereby increasing between group comparability. Propensity score analysis is therefore an increasingly applied statistical method in observational...