Ancillary services are support services which are essential for humanizing and enhancing the reliability and security of the electric power system. Reactive power ancillary service is one of the important ancillary services in a restructured electricity market which determines the cost of supplying ancillary services and finding of how this cost would change with respect to operating decisions....

Flexible AC transmission system; Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM); Optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD); Chemical reaction optimization (CRO); Transmission loss Abstract Optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem has a significant influence on optimal operation of power systems. However, getting optimal solution of ORPD problem is a strenuous task for the researchers. The inclusio...

With urban and rural infrastructure development, the power system is being forced to operate at or near its full capacity. This paper proposes four new methodologies find solution optimal reactive dispatch (ORPD) problem, considering capabilities of modern DFIG-based WTs VSI-based solar PV. The proposed formulation considers techno-economic objective functions, specifically minimization active ...

Keeping the bus voltage within acceptable limits depends on dispatching reactive power. Power quality improves as a result of creating an effective power flow system, which also helps to reduce loss. Therefore, optimal dispatch (ORPD) studies aim at designing appropriate system configurations enable reliable operation systems. Establishment such configuration is handled through control variable...