This paper presents a study on quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) fault-tolerant control scheme. According to the attitude model and safety of aircraft under uncertainty inertial matrix, state constraint by reinforcement learning is designed ensure safety. Even if boundary crossed, it can be pulled back means penalty function with learning. Meanwhile, in order inhibit oscillation caused im...

This patient underwent breast surgery and a sentinel node biopsy performed shortly before the blood was taken. As part of the biopsy procedure, a dye (Patent Blue) is injected into the lymphatic system. After injection, patients are commonly noted to take on a grey appearance, and urine has a green discolouration . A striking green appearance of the serum has also been reported, but is seen unc...

markowitz, in his portfolio selection theory, stated that investors select their portfolios according to two criteria of risk and return. accordingly, he presented his mathematical model. one of the criticisms of this model is that while investors, practically, consider different criteria in forming their portfolios, it only considers the return mean and return standard deviation. liquidity is ...

This note examines the robustness properties of the nonlinear PI control method to ignored actuator dynamics. It is proven that global boundedness and regulation can be achieved for sector bounded nonlinear systems with unknown control directions if the actuator dynamics are sufficiently fast and the nonlinear PI control gain is chosen from a subclass of the Nussbaum function class. Simulation ...

This essay discusses problematic integration (PI) theory, a general perspective on the nature of the dynamic relationship between communication and tensions among expectations and desires and considers the relevance and potential value of PI theory to questions foundational to the field of communication research. The paper begins with a discussion of the main propositions of PI theory, then con...