What is the function of our capacity for 'mental time travel'? Evolutionary considerations suggest that vivid memory and imaginative foresight may be crucial cognitive devices for human decision making. Our emotional engagement with past or future events gives them great motivational force, which may counter a natural tendency towards time discounting and impulsive, opportunistic behavior. In t...

This demonstration will present a system, called I-CAW (Intelligent Content Assembly Workbench), which aggregates content from social spaces into a semantically-enriched data browser to promote informal learning. The work pioneers a new way to interact with social content using nudges (in the form of signposts and prompts) that exploit ontologies and semantically augmented content. The demonstr...

Basic research in the biomedical field generates both knowledge that has a value regardless of its possible practical outcome and that has the per se potential to produce more practical benefits. Policies can increase the benefit potential to society of basic biomedical research by offering various kinds of incentives to basic researchers. In this paper we argue that soft incentives or “nudges”...

natal Care for Premature Infants Mike Baiocchi, Dylan S. Small, Scott Lorch, Paul R. Rosenbaum1 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Abstract. An instrument is a random nudge towards acceptance of a treatment which a¤ects outcomes only to the extent that it a¤ects acceptance of the treatment. In settings in which treatment assignment is mostly deliberate and not random, there may nonetheles...

The timely payment of municipal parking fines signifies people's acceptance regulations, reduces administrative enforcement costs, and prevents additional late-payment fees for individuals. However, public administrations face challenges in enforcing the fines. A large group people fail to pay their on time, which requires actions that can result extra costs payment-related stress. In this stud...

Basic research in the biomedical field generates both knowledge that has a value regardless of its possible practical outcome and that has the per se potential to produce more practical benefits. Policies can increase the benefit potential to society of basic biomedical research by offering various kinds of incentives to basic researchers. In this paper we argue that soft incentives or “nudges”...

Nudging provides a way to gently influence people change behavior towards desired goal, e.g., by moving healthier or more environmentally friendly lifestyle. Personalized and context-aware digital nudging (named smart nudging) can be powerful tool for efficient tailoring nudges the current situation of each individual user. However, designing is challenging, as different users may need supports...

Nudges, attempts to influence behaviour without forbidding any options or significantly changing the economic incentives of options, have been applied diverse issues such as sustainable consumption, e-commerce, and workplace goal-setting. Academic applications nudges grown, a burgeoning attention on nudge in higher education is developing. In this paper, we describe our unique multidisciplinary...