Arsenals of nuclear weapons have continued to shrink: in December 2001, the United States and Russia completed reductions under START I; the United States has completed reductions under the 1991 Presidential Nuclear Initiatives (PNIs),1 and Russia is reportedly close to completing them.2 The May 2002 Treaty of Moscow will also shrink the operationally deployed strategic nuclear forces of both R...

Executive Committee Members ........................................................ 2 Star Wars: The Price of All that Money by Peter J. Gollon ................................ 3 Star Wars: Successor to MAD by Paul Craig •....................................•....•• 4 Estimating Vulnerability to EMP Effects by John H. Richardson ....................•...... 5 EMP From High-Altitude Nuclear Explo...

Soon after the second atomic bombing in 1945, hibakusha Nagasaki saw dawn of Cold War, along with Soviet Union’s possession bombs. The Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 created a real fear nuclear war capable destroying all humanity. Partial Test Ban Treaty 1963 and Nuclear Nonproliferation (NPT) 1968 were good sign hope. Intermediate-Range Forces Treaty, signed 1987, also succeeded reducing warheads 1...

Though the majority of physicists would probably not support preemptive wars, nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction would not exist without their contributions. Einstein’s anti-militaristic position has been well-documented and the present essay recalls the role of some contemporary and past physicists on this issue. The idea that the rationality of scientific thought is a reliable anti...

Humans are fighting a grinding war against parasitic nematodes. More than 100 species of nematode parasites are known to infect humans. Additionally, 1.5 billion people are infected by soil-transmitted helminths worldwide that cause an annual disease burden of 5 million years lost due to disability (YLD) (1). This disease burden is greater than the annual disease burdens of malaria (4 million Y...

Most empirical studies of the effects of nuclear weapons treat these weapons as a binary variable, but there are strong reasons to think that the effects of a state’s nuclear arsenal are conditioned by that state’s policies. I argue that the effect of nuclear weapons in non-existential disputes is determined by what I call nuclear risk: the overall likelihood that these weapons may be used with...

Th ' fhey maintain, not violence, which is inherent in the human condition. )afhe nate ls still a widespread conviction that war derives straight and inexorably from ^tUani re.0^ man, and the idea of war is still saddled with anachronistic stereotypes fet n. , Vlrtue, self-sacrifice for home and family, glory, courage, initiative and so on. l?t ev ar War is not any kind of "adaptive solution to...

78 years after the annihilation of Hiroshima, a G7 summit is scheduled to take place in Hiroshima. That both representatives/heirs victims and victimisers first nuclear strike human history will sit there around same table ample reason reflect on way this event should be remembered. Recalling some details bombings Hiroshima Nagasaki, text recalls that bombs did not, as often thought, bring abou...