Lactic acidemia is present in the majority of patients with mitochondrial oxidative defects as well as in disorders of gluconeogenesis. An understanding of the dynamics of lactic acid metabolism in the human body and the influences on lactate/pyruvate ratios exerted by changes in cellular redox state allows for the development of diagnostic algorithms based on clinical and biochemical phenotype...

Chronic contractile activity produces mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle. This adaptation results in a significant shift in adenine nucleotide metabolism, with attendant improvements in fatigue resistance. The vast majority of mitochondrial proteins are derived from the nuclear genome, necessitating the transcription of genes, the translation of mRNA into protein, the targeting of the protein t...

Sturrock, Anne, Barbara Cahill, Kimberly Norman, Thomas P. Huecksteadt, Kenneth Hill, Karl Sanders, S. V. Karwande, James C. Stringham, David A. Bull, Martin Gleich, Thomas P. Kennedy, and John R. Hoidal. Transforming growth factor1 induces Nox4 NAD(P)H oxidase and reactive oxygen species-dependent proliferation in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2...

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) may act as a cocarcinogen with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the respiratory tract. We have modeled this effect by examining the interactions of 7r,8t-dihydroxy-9t,10t-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti-BPDE) with sulfite, the physiological form of SO2, in a murine respiratory epithelial cell line (C10). We exposed C10 cells to [3H]-anti-BPDE and determined the effects...

despite improvement of mechanical ventilation devices for infants, lung injury still causes morbidity and mortality in many cases. to determine the effect of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (hfov) in infants with severe respiratory failure, 10 neonates were evaluated prospectively. mean gestational age of these patients was 35 weeks and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (a-ado2) and the ...

background : the present study was undertaken to ascertain whether (or not) long term occupational exposure to low (sub-tlv levels) atmospheric concentrations of chlorine gas was associated with any significant decrements in the parameters of pulmonary function and/or  increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms. methods : in this retrospective cohort study that was performed in 2012, 54 worke...

dust can be produced by almost all production processes in portland cement factory. dust exposure potentially can affect respiratory function. but evidence for respiratory effect of cement dust exposure has not been conclusive. in this study we assessed effect of cement dust exposure on respiratory function in a cement production factory. a respiratory symptoms questionnaire was completed and p...

Respiratory-chain-complex subunits in mitochondria are encoded by nuclear or mitochondrial DNA. This property might have profound implications for the phenotypic expression of mutations affecting oxidative phosphorylation complexes. The aim of this paper is to study the importance of the origin of the mutation (nuclear or mitochondrial) on the expression of mitochondrial defects. We have theref...

Aerobic interval training (AIT) can favorably affect cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of AIT on post-myocardial infarction (MI)-associated mitochondrial dysfunctions remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of AIT on myocardial mitochondria in post-MI rats by focusing on mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission). Mitochondrial respiratory functions (a...